Case report: Persistent hypogammaglobulinemia in thymoma-associated myasthenia gravis: the impact of rituximab or Good's syndrome?

Introduction: Rituximab (RTX) showed good efficacy and safety for patients with myasthenia gravis. However, the percentage of peripheral CD20+ B cell may be absent for years after low dose of RTX treatment. Persistent hypogammaglobulinemia and opportunistic infection may occur in patients under treatment of RTX with thymoma relapse.

Case Representation: We report a case of refractory myasthenia gravis. After two doses of 100 mg rituximab, the patient developed transient neutropenia. The peripheral blood CD20+ B cell percentage was 0 more than 3 years. Eighteen months later, the patient's symptoms relapsed with thymoma recurred. She had persistent hypogammaglobulinemia and multiple opportunistic infections.

Conclusion: In MG patient under B cell depletion therapy had thymoma relapse, Good's syndrome may induce prolonged B cell depletion, hypogammaglobulinemia and opportunistic infections.