Graduate Program of Pharmaceutical Science, Health Science Center, Faculdade de Farmácia, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Norte UFRN, Av. General Gustavo Cordeiro de Farias, Petrópolis, Natal, RN, 59012-570, Brazil.
Published: August 2023
AI Article Synopsis
Article Abstract
Background: Algorithms for causality assessment of adverse drug reactions (ADRs) in a neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) are important in the management of adverse events, however, it is inconclusive which tool best suits pharmacovigilance in neonates.
Aim: To compare the performance of the algorithms of Du and Naranjo in determining causality in cases of ADRs in neonates in a NICU.
Method: This observational and prospective study was conducted in a NICU of a Brazilian maternity school between January 2019 and December 2020. Independently, three clinical pharmacists used the algorithms of Naranjo and Du in 79 cases of ADRs in 57 neonates. The algorithms were evaluated for inter-rater and inter-tool agreement using Cohen's kappa coefficient (k).
Results: The Du algorithm showed greater ability to identify definite ADRs (≈ 60%), but had low reproducibility (overall k = 0.108; 95% CI 0.064-0.149). In contrast, the Naranjo algorithm showed a lower proportion of definite ADRs (< 4%), but had good reproducibility (overall k = 0.402; 95% CI 0.379-0.429). The tools showed no significant correlation regarding ADR causality classification (overall k = - 0.031; 95% CI - 0.049 to 0.065).
Conclusion: Although the Du algorithm has a lower reproducibility compared to the Naranjo, this tool showed good sensitivity for classifying ADRs as definite, proving to be a more suitable tool for neonatal clinical routine.
Objective: Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a rare X-linked neurodegenerative disorder caused by mutations in the gene. This study examined the efficacy and safety of ataluren, the first oral treatment for DMD with nonsense mutations (nmDMD), in patients in the Middle East.
Methods: This retrospective longitudinal study assessed the outcomes of seven boys with nmDMD who received treatment with ataluren and follow-up at a single center since 2016.
Background: Mammographic breast density has been suggested to play a role as a mediator between the risk factors for breast cancer (BC) and BC risk. We investigated the extent to which never breastfeeding is a risk factor for BC and how this risk is further mediated by increased mammographic breast density.
Methods: This retrospective cohort study included 4 136 723 women aged ≥40 years who underwent mammographic screening between 2009 and 2010 and were followed up until 31 December 2020.
BACKGROUND Hepatic lesion in a young woman can lead to multiple diagnostic hypotheses, mainly infection and tumor. Crohn's disease (CD) is hardly evoked by clinicians but is reportedly associated with liver damage, especially diffuse granulomas and aseptic abscess. IgA deficiency has been associated with celiac disease or inflammatory bowel disease, including CD.
The causal relationship between inflammatory factors and acute pancreatitis (AP), chronic pancreatitis (CP), alcohol-induced acute pancreatitis (AAP), and alcohol-induced chronic pancreatitis (ACP) remains unclear. We aimed to examine the casual relationship between inflammatory factors and various forms of pancreatitis, namely, AP, CP, AAP, and ACP. We employed a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to investigate the causal relationship between 91 inflammatory factors and 41 inflammatory factors with respect to pancreatitis.
Unlabelled: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a global health problem, CKD is widespread in the world, on average it is detected in 10-13% of the adult population. Sedentary patients with CKD on dialysis have a higher risk of mortality. Despite the significant association of physical function with mortality in patients with CKD, physical function is not routinely assessed and exercise is not a component of the routine management of patients with CKD on dialysis.
