In this study, a method for ultrasensitive sensing of Fe based on Fenton reaction mediated etching of triangular gold nanoplates (Au NPLs) was developed. In this assay, the etching of Au NPLs by HO was accelerated in the presence of Fe due to the generation of superoxide free radical (O) via Fenton reaction. With the concentration of Fe increased, the shape of Au NPLs changed from triangular to sphere with the blue shifted localized surface plasmon resonance, accompanying a series of consecutive color changes from blue, bluish purple, purple, reddish purple and finally to pink. The rich color variations enable rapid visual quantitative determination of Fe within 10 min. A good linear relationship between the peak shifts and the concentration of Fe was obtained in the range of 0.035 to 1.5 μM (R = 0.996). Favorable sensitivity and selectivity in the presence of other tested metal ions were achieved in the proposed colorimetric assay. The detection limits (3ơ/k) for Fe was 26 nM by UV-vis spectroscopy, and the clearly discernible concentration of Fe was as low as 0.07 μM by naked eyes. The recoveries of fortified samples in pond water and serum samples ranged from 96% to 106% with interday relative standard deviations <3.6% in all cases, demonstrating the applicability of the assay for measuring Fe in real samples.
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