AI Article Synopsis
- mRNA shows promise for immunotherapy, protein replacement, and genome editing due to its ability to bypass genomic integration and function in non-dividing cells.
- Efficient and safe delivery of mRNA is a major challenge, and advances in nanobiotechnology are helping develop nanocarriers for better mRNA transport.
- The review highlights emerging nanomaterials, especially exosomes, for mRNA delivery, discusses clinical applications, and addresses obstacles in using mRNA nanocarriers along with strategies for improvement.
Article Abstract
Messenger RNA (mRNA) holds great potential in developing immunotherapy, protein replacement, and genome editing. In general, mRNA does not have the risk of being incorporated into the host genome and does not need to enter the nucleus for transfection, and it can be expressed even in nondividing cells. Therefore, mRNA-based therapeutics provide a promising strategy for clinical treatment. However, the efficient and safe delivery of mRNA remains a crucial constraint for the clinical application of mRNA therapeutics. Although the stability and tolerability of mRNA can be enhanced by directly retouching the mRNA structure, there is still an urgent need to improve the delivery of mRNA. Recently, significant progress has been made in nanobiotechnology, providing tools for developing mRNA nanocarriers. Nano-drug delivery system is directly used for loading, protecting, and releasing mRNA in the biological microenvironment and can be used to stimulate the translation of mRNA to develop effective intervention strategies. In the present review, we summarized the concept of emerging nanomaterials for mRNA delivery and the latest progress in enhancing the function of mRNA, primarily focusing on the role of exosomes in mRNA delivery. Moreover, we outlined its clinical applications so far. Finally, the key obstacles of mRNA nanocarriers are emphasized, and promising strategies to overcome these obstacles are proposed. Collectively, nano-design materials exert functions for specific mRNA applications, provide new perception for next-generation nanomaterials, and thus revolution of mRNA technology.
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| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10189457 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/btm2.10492 | DOI Listing |
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