Enhanced Gravitational Waves from Inflaton Oscillons.

Phys Rev Lett

Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), UTIAS The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8583, Japan.

Published: May 2023

In broad classes of inflationary models the period of accelerated expansion is followed by fragmentation of the inflaton scalar field into localized, long-lived, and massive oscillon excitations. We demonstrate that matter dominance of oscillons, followed by their rapid decay, significantly enhances the primordial gravitational wave (GW) spectrum. These oscillon-induced GWs, sourced by second-order perturbations, are distinct and could be orders of magnitude lower in frequency than the previously considered GWs associated with oscillon formation. We show that detectable oscillon-induced GW signatures establish direct tests independent from cosmic microwave background radiation for regions of parameter space of monodromy, and logarithmic and pure natural (plateau) potential classes of inflationary models, among others. We demonstrate that oscillon-induced GWs in a model based on pure natural inflation could be directly observable with the Einstein Telescope, Cosmic Explorer, and DECIGO. These signatures offer a new route for probing the underlying inflationary physics.

Download full-text PDF

Source
http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.130.181002DOI Listing

Publication Analysis

Top Keywords

classes inflationary
8
inflationary models
8
oscillon-induced gws
8
pure natural
8
enhanced gravitational
4
gravitational waves
4
waves inflaton
4
inflaton oscillons
4
oscillons broad
4
broad classes
4

Similar Publications

Cosmological Flow of Primordial Correlators.

Phys Rev Lett

October 2024

Sorbonne Université, Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris, CNRS, UMR 7095, 98 bis bd Arago, 75014 Paris, France.

Correlation functions of primordial density fluctuations provide an exciting probe of the physics governing the earliest moments of our Universe. However, the standard approach to compute them is technically challenging. Theoretical predictions are therefore available only in restricted classes of theories.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Enhanced Gravitational Waves from Inflaton Oscillons.

Phys Rev Lett

May 2023

Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), UTIAS The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8583, Japan.

In broad classes of inflationary models the period of accelerated expansion is followed by fragmentation of the inflaton scalar field into localized, long-lived, and massive oscillon excitations. We demonstrate that matter dominance of oscillons, followed by their rapid decay, significantly enhances the primordial gravitational wave (GW) spectrum. These oscillon-induced GWs, sourced by second-order perturbations, are distinct and could be orders of magnitude lower in frequency than the previously considered GWs associated with oscillon formation.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Instantons, which are nonperturbative solutions to Yang-Mills equations, provide a signal for the occurrence of quantum tunneling between distinct classes of vacua. They can give rise to decays of particles otherwise forbidden. Using data collected at the Pierre Auger Observatory, we search for signatures of such instanton-induced processes that would be suggestive of super-heavy particles decaying in the Galactic halo.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Medicaid Spending on Antiretrovirals From 2007 Through 2019.

Clin Infect Dis

March 2023

Program On Regulation, Therapeutics, And Law (PORTAL), Division of Pharmacoepidemiology and Pharmacoeconomics, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.

Background: Antiretroviral (ARV) medications to treat human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) are a major contributor to Medicaid prescription drug spending. Despite having been used for over 3 decades, the first generic ARVs only recently became available, and many newer versions continue to be sold at high prices despite within-class competition. We estimated Medicaid spending on ARVs from 2007 through 2019.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Consistency of Primordial Black Hole Dark Matter with LIGO/Virgo Merger Rates.

Phys Rev Lett

February 2021

Laboratoire de Univers et Particules de Montpellier, UMR5299-CNRS, Universite de Montpellier, 34095 Montpellier, France.

The LIGO/Virgo Collaboration has by now observed or constrained the gravitational merger rates of different classes of compact objects. We consider the possibility that the bulk of these mergers are primordial black hole (PBH) mergers of PBHs formed during the QCD epoch making up the entirety of the dark matter. Having shown in a companion paper that mergers due to the initial binary population formed in the early Universe are likely negligible, we compute current merger rates in PBH clusters in which the typical PBH resides.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Want AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?

Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!