The penetration depth and extent of mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) crystallisation into dentinal tubules at 2, 4 and 6 weeks after chelation and MTA obturation were investigated. Standardised 12 mm human root specimens (45) were prepared with NiTi rotary files using 4% NaOCl irrigation. They were randomly allocated to three irrigants (n = 15: 4% NaOCl, 15% ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid or Edgemix) and obturated with sodium fluorescein tagged ProRoot MTA. One millimetre thick apical, middle and coronal sections were examined using confocal laser scanning microscopy to determine MTA penetration depth and area. Depths varied from 352 to 1821 μm at 6 weeks depending on section level and were unaffected by chelation. No differences (p > 0.05) were found in mean maximum penetration depth or dentine area (%) between the 3 irrigants at all time intervals. MTA mineralisation penetrated up to 90% of dentinal tubules and can extend to the cementum in roots with patent, non-infected tubules.
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