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The association between passenger-vehicle front-end profiles and pedestrian injury severity in motor vehicle crashes.
J Safety Res
September 2024
Insurance Institute for Highway Safety, 4121 Wilson Boulevard, 6th Floor, Arlington, VA 22203, United States.
Introduction: Vehicles play an important role in pedestrian injury risk in crashes. This study examined the association between vehicle front-end geometry and the risk of fatal pedestrian injuries in motor vehicle crashes.
Method: A total of 17,897 police-reported crashes involving a single passenger vehicle and a single pedestrian in seven states were used in the analysis.
Comparing End-of-Life Vehicle (ELV) and Packaging-Based Recyclates as Components in Polypropylene-Based Compounds for Automotive Applications.
Polymers (Basel)
July 2024
Borealis Polyolefine GmbH, Innovation Headquarters, St Peterstr. 25, 4021 Linz, Austria.
Increasing recycled plastic content in cars to 25% by 2030 is one of the key measures for decarbonizing the automotive industry defined by the European Commission. This should include the recovery of plastics from end-of-life vehicles (ELVs), but such materials are hardly used in compounds today. To close the knowledge gap, two ELV recyclate grades largely based on bumper recycling were analyzed in comparison to a packaging-based post-consumer recyclate (PCR).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe Design of a Piecewise-Integrated Composite Bumper Beam with Machine-Learning Algorithms.
Materials (Basel)
January 2024
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Kongju National University, Cheonan 31080, Republic of Korea.
In the present study, a piecewise-integrated composite bumper beam for passenger cars is proposed, and the design innovation process for a composite bumper beam regarding a bumper test protocol suggested by the Insurance Institute for Highway Safety is carried out with the help of machine learning models. Several elements in the bumper FE model have been assigned to be references in order to collect training data, which allow the machine learning model to study the method of predicting loading types for each finite element. Two-dimensional and three-dimensional implementations are provided by machine learning models, which determine the stacking sequences of each finite element in the piecewise-integrated composite bumper beam.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFrom Waste to Value Added Products: Manufacturing High Electromagnetic Interference Shielding Composite from End-of-Life Vehicle (ELV) Waste.
Polymers (Basel)
December 2023
Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2L1Y6, Canada.
The use of plastics in automobiles is increasing dramatically due to their advantages of low weight and cost-effectiveness. Various products can be manufactured by recycling end-of-life vehicle (ELV) plastic waste, enhancing sustainability within this sector. This study presents the development of an electromagnetic interference (EMI) shield that can be used for protecting electronic devices in vehicles by recycling waste bumpers of ethylene propylene diene monomer (EPDM) rubber from ELVs.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAnalysis of the consequences of car to micromobility user side impact crashes.
J Safety Res
December 2023
Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM), Ramiro de Maeztu, 7, 28040 Madrid, Spain. Electronic address:
Introduction: The strong rise in modes of travel commonly referred to as micromobility has changed the mobility patterns and lifestyles in cities worldwide, especially after the COVID-19 pandemic. It has led to a significant increase in the number of crashes involving these types of vehicles, especially bicycles and stand-up e-scooters. The risk of crashes is higher at intersections where motor-vehicles perform a turning maneuver crossing a bike lane.
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