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Incidence of idiopathic nephrotic syndrome during the Covid-19 pandemic in the Paris area (France) and in the Netherlands. | LitMetric

AI Article Synopsis

  • The study aimed to investigate the incidence of idiopathic nephrotic syndrome (INS) in children before and during the COVID-19 pandemic, given the observed lower cases during lockdowns that may relate to viral infections.* -
  • Researchers analyzed data from two regions: the Netherlands and Paris, finding an annual incidence of 1.21 and 2.58 per 100,000 children, respectively, with no significant difference in INS rates before and after the pandemic.* -
  • However, during school closures, the incidence of INS dropped significantly in both regions, suggesting a possible connection between INS onset and environmental factors or viral infections.*

Article Abstract

Background: The aetiology of idiopathic nephrotic syndrome (INS) remains partially unknown. Viral infections have been associated with INS onset. Since we observed fewer first onset INS cases during the Covid-19 pandemic, we hypothesised that lower INS incidence was the result of lockdown measures. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the incidence of childhood INS before and during the COVID-19 pandemic in two independent European INS cohorts.

Methods: Children with new INS in the Netherlands (2018-2021) and Paris area (2018-2021) were included. We estimated incidences using census data for each region. Incidences were compared using two proportion Z-tests.

Results: A total of 128 and 324 cases of first onset INS were reported in the Netherlands and Paris area, respectively, corresponding to an annual incidence of 1.21 and 2.58 per 100,000 children/year. Boys and young children (< 7 years) were more frequently affected. Incidence before and during the pandemic did not differ. When schools were closed, incidence was lower in both regions: 0.53 vs. 1.31 (p = 0.017) in the Netherlands and 0.94 vs. 2.63 (p = 0.049) in the Paris area. During peaks of hospital admissions for Covid-19, no cases were reported in the Netherlands or Paris area.

Conclusions: Incidence of INS before and during the Covid-19 pandemic was not different, but when schools were closed during lockdown, incidence was significantly lower. Interestingly, incidences of other respiratory viral infections were also reduced as was air pollution. Together, these results argue for a link between INS onset and viral infections and/or environmental factors. A higher resolution version of the Graphical abstract is available as Supplementary information.

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Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10186275PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00467-023-06006-9DOI Listing

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