Protists are essential components of soil microbial communities, mediating nutrient cycling and ecosystem functions in terrestrial ecosystems. However, their distribution patterns and driving factors, particularly, the relative importance of climate, plant and soil factors, remain largely unknown. This limits our understanding of soil protist roles in ecosystem functions and their responses to climate change. This is particularly a concern in dryland ecosystems where soil microbiomes are more important for ecosystem functions because plant diversity and growth are heavily constrained by environmental stresses. Here, we explored protist diversity and their driving factors in grassland soils on the Tibetan Plateau, which is a typical dryland region with yearly low temperatures. Soil protist diversity significantly decreased along the gradient of meadow, steppe, and desert. Soil protist diversity positively correlated with precipitation, plant biomass and soil nutrients, but these correlations were changed by grazing. Structural equation and random forest models demonstrated that precipitation dominated soil protist diversity directly and indirectly by influencing plant and soil factors. Soil protist community structure gradually shifted along meadow, steppe and desert, and was driven more by precipitation than by plant and soil factors. Soil protist community compositions were dominated by Cercozoa, Ciliophora and Chlorophyta. In particular, Ciliophora increased but Chlorophyta decreased in relative abundance along the gradient of meadow, steppe and desert. These results demonstrate that precipitation plays more important roles in driving soil protist diversity and community structure than plant and soil factors, suggesting that future precipitation change profoundly alters soil protist community and functions in dry grasslands.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00248-023-02235-5 | DOI Listing |
J Environ Manage
December 2024
Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Transboundary Ecosecurity of Southwest China, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Plant Reproductive Adaptation and Evolutionary Ecology and Institute of Biodiversity, School of Ecology and Environmental Science, Yunnan University, Kunming 650500, China; Laboratory of Soil Ecology and Health in Universities of Yunnan Province, Yunnan University, Kunming 650500, China. Electronic address:
In recent decades, investors attracted to wind power's promise of zero-emission electricity have fueled the proliferation of large windfarms across the world. However, the effects of windfarm construction with different land use subtypes (i.e.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFmBio
December 2024
Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, USA.
Unlabelled: species evade degradation and proliferate within alveolar macrophages as an essential step for the manifestation of disease. However, most intracellular bacterial pathogens are restricted in neutrophils, which are the first line of innate immune defense against invading pathogens. Bacterial degradation within neutrophils is mediated by the fusion of microbicidal granules to pathogen-containing phagosomes and the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) by the phagocyte NADPH oxidase complex.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNew Phytol
December 2024
Matthias Schleiden Institute of Genetics, Bioinformatics and Molecular Botany, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, 07743, Jena, Germany.
Photosynthetic protists, named microalgae, are key players in global primary production. The green microalga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii is a well-studied model organism. In nature, it dwells in acetate-rich paddy rice soil, which is not mimicked by standard liquid laboratory conditions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Hazard Mater
November 2024
Institute of Soil and Water Resources and Environmental Science, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China. Electronic address:
Understanding the soil nitrogen (N) process under increasing anthropogenic activities, i.e., heavy metal pollution and N fertilization is essential for optimizing soil N management and tackling environmental problems.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPlants (Basel)
November 2024
Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Toledo, OH 43606, USA.
Cyanobacterial harmful algal blooms (cHABs) are increasing due to eutrophication and climate change, as is irrigation of crops with freshwater contaminated with cHAB toxins. A few studies, mostly in aquatic protists and plants, have investigated the effects of cHAB toxins or cell extracts on various aspects of photosynthesis, with variable effects reported (negative to neutral to positive). We examined the effects of cyanobacterial live cultures and cell extracts ( or ) and individual cHAB toxins (anatoxin-a, ANA; beta-methyl-amino-L-alanine, BMAA; lipopolysaccharide, LPS; microcystin-LR, MC-LR) on photosynthesis in intact plants and leaf pieces in corn () and lettuce ().
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