AI Article Synopsis
- The study investigates the debated origins of the superior thyroid artery (STA) by reviewing 52 studies with 5488 specimens, aiming to clarify its most common source.
- Results show that the external carotid artery (ECA) is the primary origin (55.0%), followed by the carotid bifurcation (27.5%) and common carotid artery (CCA) at 15.0%.
- The variability in STA branching poses risks during surgeries, leading to the recommendation of preoperative angiographic studies to identify the STA and avoid injuries during procedures.
Article Abstract
Purpose: The superior thyroid artery (STA) point of origin is strongly debated with controversial results among studies. External carotid artery (ECA), carotid bulb, and common carotid artery (CCA) have been presented as points of origin with variable percentages among authors. We conducted a systematic review of all existing studies that included cadaveric, surgical, and angiographic specimens and recorded the origin of STA according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) statement.
Materials And Methods: Fifty-two studies, with an overall of 5488 specimens were included.
Results: Our results indicated ECA as the most common site of origin (55.0 %) followed by carotid bifurcation at 27.5 % and CCA at 15.0 %. Absent STA or branching from the internal carotid artery (ICA) was an extremely rare finding. We proposed a new simple classification system based on our results.
Conclusions: The huge variability in the branching pattern of STA makes head and neck surgery and radiographic interventions challenging and poses the integrity of STA at risk. Therefore, we strongly recommend preoperative angiographic studies for STA identification to prevent an intraoperative iatrogenic injury.
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| http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.amjoto.2023.103823 | DOI Listing |
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