Perception is biased by stimulus history. Both long-term effects such as the central-tendency bias (CTB) and short-term effects such as serial dependence (SD) have been described, but research into the two has remained largely separate. The sources of these effects, however, are highly correlated in stimulus statistics, which can result in a misinterpretation of experimental data. We compared CTB and SD in the perception of color and line length. Observers judged the relative hue or length of consecutive stimuli in a delayed-matching task. Two interstimulus intervals were used to investigate whether elapsed time or the number of stimulus occurrences was more important for SD. We estimated biases by fitting psychometric functions to the data split based on the history features, and we also fit generalized linear mixed models with either CTB, SD, or both included as regressors. We found biases to both recent stimulus history and the cumulative average of stimulus values for both color and line length judgments. The strength and pattern of each of the biases depended on whether all sources of bias were included in the analysis. Within the range of interstimulus intervals tested, the number of intervening stimuli was more important than elapsed time for SD. We conclude that both SD and CTB independently affect perceptual judgments, and that one effect is not an artifact caused by the other. Failing to consider both effects in data analysis can give an erroneous picture of the phenomenon under study.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1167/jov.23.5.12 | DOI Listing |
The process by which neocortical neurons and circuits amplify their response to an unexpected change in stimulus, often referred to as deviance detection (DD), has long been thought to be the product of specialized cell types and/or routing between mesoscopic brain areas. Here, we explore a different theory, whereby DD emerges from local network-level interactions within a neocortical column. We propose that deviance-driven neural dynamics can emerge through interactions between ensembles of neurons that have a fundamental inhibitory motif: competitive inhibition between reciprocally connected ensembles under modulation from feed-forward selective (dis)inhibition.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg
January 2025
Département d'ORL du CHUS, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada.
Introduction: Vestibular migraine (VM), particularly its chronic variant, poses a diagnostic challenge. Patients suffering from VM may not have the characteristic headaches associated with the dizziness. In these cases, a marker for migraine pathology in general could help appropriately diagnose certain types of dizziness as migrainous despite these patients not meeting current diagnostic criteria for VM.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGene
January 2025
Department of Neurology Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, China; National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, China; Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Child Neurodevelopment and Cognitive Disorders, China. Electronic address:
Mutations in ADGRV1 can cause seizures, but the mechanism remains unclear. The zebrafish model can be used to assess the functions of human ADGRV1 and its variant alleles during embryonic development. In this study, we summarized the phenotypic and genotypic characteristics of four children with ADGRV1 variation and based on this, we validated the ADGRV1 loss phenotype in an adgrv1-knockout zebrafish model.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPLoS Comput Biol
January 2025
Department of Psychology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America.
Sensory neurons continually adapt their response characteristics according to recent stimulus history. However, it is unclear how such a reactive process can benefit the organism. Here, we test the hypothesis that adaptation actually acts proactively in the sense that it optimally adjusts sensory encoding for future stimuli.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPurpose: To describe progression of best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), full-field stimulus thresholds (FST), and electroretinography (ERG) over 4 years in the -related Retinal Degeneration study and to assess their suitability as clinical trial endpoints.
Design: Prospective natural history study.
Participants: Participants (n = 105) with biallelic disease-causing sequence variants in USH2A and BCVA letter scores of ≥54 were included.
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