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| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10174117 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.25259/JNRP_19_2023 | DOI Listing |
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Catatonia As Initial Presentation in Anti-N-Methyl-D-Aspartate (NMDA) Receptor Encephalitis: A Case Report of a 19-Year-Old Patient.
Cureus
November 2024
Neurology, National Institute of Neurology and Neurosurgery "Dr. Manuel Velasco Suárez", Mexico City, MEX.
Anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) encephalitis stands as the most prevalent form of autoimmune encephalitis, primarily affecting young patients and exhibiting a higher incidence among females. Patients frequently present with psychiatric symptoms or cognitive impairments such as speech disturbances, decreased level of consciousness, autonomic dysfunction, as well as seizures, dyskinesias, and catatonia due to overactivation of extrasynaptic NMDA receptors. To date, there is no gold standard for the diagnosis of catatonia; however, a few rating scales exist to measure this phenomenon, with the Bush Francis Catatonia Rating Scale being the most commonly used due to its validity, reliability, and ease of application.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFParkinsonian Syndrome Diagnosed via Novel Alpha-Synuclein Skin Biopsy in a Patient Presenting With Catatonic Symptoms.
Cureus
November 2024
Psychiatry, Mount Sinai Medical Center, Miami Beach, USA.
The differential diagnosis of neurocognitive and psychiatric disorders, particularly when symptoms overlap significantly, poses a substantial challenge in clinical practice. Parkinson's disease (PD), Lewy body dementia, and catatonia are distinct conditions that can present with similar motor and cognitive symptoms, complicating accurate diagnosis and effective treatment. We report the case of a 45-year-old male patient who presented for electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) evaluation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCerebral Brain Abscess Mimicking Psychiatric Presentation in an HIV-Positive Patient With Post-traumatic Stress Disorder and Bipolar Disorder: A Case Report.
Cureus
October 2024
Behavioral Health, Kings County Hospital Center, New York, USA.
Article Synopsis
- - Cerebral brain abscesses are rare but serious, especially in immunocompromised people, and can often imitate psychiatric disorders, complicating their diagnosis.
- - A case study involves a 47-year-old HIV-positive woman with a psychiatric history who showed unusual symptoms like catatonia, leading to a diagnosis of a large brain abscess after imaging revealed significant issues.
- - The patient received immediate treatment, including surgery, and showed improvement, highlighting the need for thorough diagnostic procedures and multidisciplinary care in similar cases to ensure better health outcomes.
Chronic Catatonia in an Individual With a De Novo Missense SHANK1 Variant.
Am J Med Genet A
November 2024
Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA.
Article Synopsis
- SHANK1 is a gene that produces a protein involved in the structure and function of excitatory synapses, part of a family that includes SHANK2 and SHANK3.
- An 11-year-old boy with developmental delays and no family psychiatric history developed catatonia, with imaging and autoimmune tests showing no abnormalities.
- Genetic testing identified a new, likely harmful SHANK1 variant, marking the first documented case of catatonia linked to a SHANK1 mutation, although similar symptoms have been associated with SHANK3 issues.
Evaluating catatonia care in the psychiatric emergency room: A retrospective study.
J Psychiatr Res
December 2024
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Health, Stony Brook University Renaissance School of Medicine, 101 Nicolls Road, Stony Brook, NY, 11794, USA. Electronic address:
Background: Catatonia, characterized by motor, affective, and speech disturbances, is a prevalent yet frequently misdiagnosed syndrome in the psychiatric domain, with reported prevalence ranging from 5% to 18%. This study aimed to ascertain the incidence of catatonia diagnoses and the quality of care provided within the psychiatric emergency room (ER), while also evaluating psychiatrists' general awareness of the syndrome through a survey.
Methods: A retrospective analysis of psychiatric ER records spanning June 18th to August 20th, 2022, was conducted to assess catatonia diagnosis frequency and treatment approaches.
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