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Retinal Vascular Complications in Cocaine Abuse: A Case Report and a Literature Review.
J Clin Med
December 2024
Ophthalmology Unit, Head and Neck Department, Policlinico Umberto I University Hospital, 00161 Rome, Italy.
This comprehensive review examines the ocular vascular complications of cocaine use, focusing on its effects on retinal vasculature and inflammation. A rare case of bilateral frosted branch angiitis (FBA) in a 48-year-old man with a history of intranasal cocaine abuse is presented as an illustrative example to stimulate discussion. The case highlights severe retinal ischemia and vascular sheathing, with no identifiable infectious or autoimmune cause, ultimately complicated by systemic vascular events.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCocaine- and Levamisole-Induced Vasculitis: Defining the Spectrum of Autoimmune Manifestations.
J Clin Med
August 2024
Rheumatology Unit, Department of Medicine DIMED, University of Padua, 35128 Padua, Italy.
Article Synopsis
- Drug-induced vasculitis is a common type that mimics ANCA vasculitis, often linked to cocaine and levamisole use.
- These substances lead to various autoimmune conditions, including cocaine-induced midline destructive lesions and forms of vasculitis, creating a complex overlap in symptoms.
- The exact mechanisms of how cocaine causes these autoimmune issues remain unclear, complicating diagnosis and treatment, especially when there's no suspicion of drug abuse.
[Effect of Plasmafiltration and Adsorption in Cocaine Abuse: A Case Report].
G Ital Nefrol
August 2024
UOC Nefrologia e Dialisi, PO Di Venere, Bari.
Article Synopsis
- * The condition arises from changes in blood flow, direct muscle damage, or immune responses, with treatment options including supportive care and potential apheresis therapy, still needing more validation.
- * A case study of a 52-year-old man with severe complications from cocaine use showed that selective apheresis combined with hemodialysis significantly improved his kidney function and blood parameters after two treatment sessions.
Clinical spectrum of small-vessel vasculitis related to cocaine consumption: data from an Italian cohort.
Clin Exp Rheumatol
September 2024
Rheumatology Unit, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neurosciences, Siena University Hospital, Siena, Italy.
Violaceous nodules of the extensor joints - a clinicopathological challenge.
Int J Dermatol
January 2025
Division of Dermatology, Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA.
Antineutrophilic cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis (AAV) is a condition characterized by vessel inflammation and may have a variety of etiologies. Among these, cocaine and its common adulterant, levamisole, have been described to contribute to the development of AAV with distinct cutaneous manifestations. Classically, these manifestations involve purpuric or necrotic lesions involving the ears, nose, and extremities.
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