Soil water deficit is an important factor affecting the source-sink balance of sweet potato during its late-season growth, but water regulation during this period has not been well studied. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the appropriate irrigation level in late-season sweet potato, and the effect of irrigation level on accumulation and allocation of photosynthetic products. In this study, two yield-based field trials (2021-2022) were conducted in which five late-season irrigation levels set according to the crop evapotranspiration rate were tested (T: non-irrigation, T: 33% ET, T: 75% ET, T: 100% ET, T: 125% ET). The effects of the different irrigation levels on photosynthetic physiological indexes, C transfer allocation, water use efficiency (WUE), water productivity (WP), and the yield and economic benefit of sweet potato were studied. The results showed that late-season irrigation significantly increased the total chlorophyll content and net photosynthetic rate of functional leaves, in addition to promoting the accumulation of above-ground-source organic biomass ( < 0.05). The rate of C allocation, maximum accumulation rate (V), and average accumulation rate (V) of dry matter in storage root were significantly higher under T irrigation than under the other treatments ( < 0.05). This suggests that both non-irrigation (T) and over-irrigation (T) were not conducive to the transfer and allocation of photosynthetic products to storage roots in late-season sweet potato. However, moderate irrigation (T) effectively promoted the source-sink balance, enhanced the source photosynthetic rate and stimulated the sink activity, such that more photosynthate was allocated to the storage sink. The results also showed that T irrigation treatments significantly increased yield, WUE and WP compared to T and T ( < 0.05), suggesting that moderate irrigation (T) can significantly promote the potential of storage root production and field productivity. There was a close relationship between economic benefit and marketable sweet potato yield, and both were highest under T ( < 0.05), increasing by 36.1% and 59.9% compared with T over the two-year study period. In conclusion, irrigation of late-season sweet potato with 75% evapotranspiration (T) can improve both the yield and production potential. Together, these results support the use of late-season water management in the production of sweet potato.
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| http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants12091780 | DOI Listing |
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