This article provides a literature review that details the development of inelastic constitutive modeling as it relates to polycrystalline materials. This review distinguishes between inelastic constitutive models that account for nonlinear behavior at the microstructural level, time-independent classic plasticity models, and time-dependent unified models. Particular emphasis is placed on understanding the underlying theoretical framework for unified viscoplasticity models where creep and classical plasticity behavior are considered the result of applied boundary conditions instead of separable rates representing distinct physical mechanisms. This article establishes a clear understanding of the advantages of the unified approach to improve material modeling. This review also discusses recent topics in constitutive modeling that offer new techniques that bridge the gap between the microstructure and the continuum.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma16093564 | DOI Listing |
Soft Matter
November 2024
Politecnico di Milano, 20133 Milano, Italy.
We numerically investigate, through discrete element simulations, the steady flow of identical, frictionless spheres sheared between two parallel, bumpy planes in the absence of gravity and under a fixed normal load. We measure the spatial distributions of solid volume fraction, mean velocity, intensity of agitation and stresses, and confirm previous results on the validity of the equation of state and the viscosity predicted by the kinetic theory of inelastic granular gases. We also directly measure the spatial distributions of the diffusivity and the rate of collisional dissipation of the fluctuation kinetic energy, and successfully test the associated constitutive relations of the extended kinetic theory, , a kinetic theory which includes the role of velocity correlations.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMaterials (Basel)
June 2024
Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Mechanical Engineering and Naval Architecture, University of Split, R. Boškovića 32, HR-21000 Split, Croatia.
Wire crimping, a process commonly used in the automotive industry, is a solderless method for establishing electrical and mechanical connections between wire strands and terminals. The complexity of predicting the final shape of a crimped terminal and the imperative to minimize production costs indicate the use of advanced numerical methods. Such an approach requires a reliable phenomenological elasto-plastic constitutive model in which material behavior during the forming process is described.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFActa Biomater
July 2024
School of Aerospace, Mechanical and Mechatronic Engineering, The University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. Electronic address:
The micro/nano pores in natural mineralized tissues can, to a certain extent, affect their responses to mechanical loading but are generally ignored in existing indentation analysis. In this study, we first examined the void volume fraction of sound and caries lesion enamels through micro-computed tomography (micro-CT). A Berkovich indentation study was then carried out to characterize the effect of porous microstructure on the mechanical behavior of the human enamels.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPolymers (Basel)
May 2024
Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA.
Elastomers are made of chain-like molecules to form networks that can sustain large deformation. Rubbers are thermosetting elastomers that are obtained from irreversible curing reactions. Curing reactions create permanent bonds between the molecular chains.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ R Soc Interface
September 2023
Institute of Biomechanics, Graz University of Technology, Graz, Austria.
tissue engineering offers an innovative solution for replacement valves and grafts in cardiovascular medicine. In this approach, a scaffold, which can be obtained by polymer electrospinning, is implanted into the human body and then infiltrated by cells, eventually replacing the scaffold with native tissue. simulations of the whole process in patient-specific models, including implantation, growth and degradation, are very attractive to study the factors that might influence the end result.
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