AI Article Synopsis
- Recent increases in gastric cancer incidence, especially among young women, are puzzling, with autoimmunity possibly playing a role in this new type of cancer.
- In a study with 355 patients, researchers examined the prevalence of 19 autoantibodies in those with chronic atrophic gastritis (CAG) and found that anti-nuclear antibodies (ANA) were more common in autoimmune gastritis (AIG) patients compared to others.
- While ANA positivity was linked to being female, overall findings indicated that common autoantibodies were not significantly more prevalent in CAG patients, suggesting that routine autoantibody testing may hold limited clinical relevance in these cases.
Article Abstract
Despite a global decrease, gastric cancer (GC) incidence appears to be increasing recently in young, particularly female, patients. The causal mechanism for this "new" type of GC is unknown, but a role for autoimmunity is suggested. A cascade of gastric precancerous lesions, beginning with chronic atrophic gastritis (CAG), precedes GC. To test the possible existence of autoimmunity in patients with CAG, we aimed to analyze the prevalence of several autoantibodies in patients with CAG as compared to control patients. Sera of 355 patients included in our previous prospective, multicenter study were tested for 19 autoantibodies (anti-nuclear antibodies, ANA, anti-parietal cell antibody, APCA, anti-intrinsic factor antibody, AIFA, and 16 myositis-associated antibodies). The results were compared between CAG patients ( = 154), including autoimmune gastritis patients (AIG, = 45), non-autoimmune gastritis patients (NAIG, = 109), and control patients ( = 201). ANA positivity was significantly higher in AIG than in NAIG or control patients (46.7%, 29%, and 27%, respectively, = 0.04). Female gender was positively associated with ANA positivity (OR 0.51 (0.31-0.81), = 0.005), while age and infection status were not. Myositis-associated antibodies were found in 8.9% of AIG, 5.5% of NAIG, and 4.4% of control patients, without significant differences among the groups ( = 0.8). Higher APCA and AIFA positivity was confirmed in AIG, and was not associated with infection, age, or gender in the multivariate analysis. ANA antibodies are significantly more prevalent in AIG than in control patients, but the clinical significance of this finding remains to be established. infection does not affect autoantibody seropositivity (ANA, APCA, AIFA). The positivity of myositis-associated antibodies is not increased in patients with CAG as compared to control patients. Overall, our results do not support an overrepresentation of common autoantibodies in patients with CAG.
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| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10178247 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics13091599 | DOI Listing |
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