The use of patient contact shielding provides an opportunity to reduce patient radiation exposure. Recently, the use has been the subject of controversy. The Radiation Protection Committee has published a recommendation on the use of patient radiation shields by considering the recent findings on dose savings but also the risks of incorrect use. In this article, a specification for the more frequently used types of X‑ray examination is given, which describes whether and which radiation contact shielding should be used. This is accompanied by a rationale for the use or non-use of patient radiation protection agents. Problems and possible errors are explained, as well as how to deal with special situations such as pregnant women and children.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00117-023-01157-0 | DOI Listing |
Womens Health (Lond)
January 2025
Department of Pharmacy Practice, Midwestern University College of Pharmacy, Glendale Campus, Glendale, AZ, USA.
In 2023, a breast cancer risk assessment and a subsequent positive test for the BRCA-2 genetic mutation brought me to the uncomfortable intersection of a longstanding career as an advocate for high-quality medical evidence to support shared patient-provider decision making and a new role as a high-risk patient. My search for studies of available risk-management options revealed that the most commonly recommended approach for women with a ⩾20% lifetime breast cancer risk, intensive screening including annual mammography and/or magnetic resonance imaging beginning at age 25-40 years, was supported only by cancer-detection statistics, with almost no evidence on patient-centered outcomes-mortality, physical and psychological morbidity, or quality of life-compared with standard screening or a surgical alternative, bilateral risk-reducing mastectomy. In this commentary, I explore parallels between the use of the intensive screening protocol and another longstanding women's health recommendation based on limited evidence, the use of hormone therapy (HT) for postmenopausal chronic disease prevention, which was sharply curtailed after the publication of the groundbreaking Women's Health Initiative trial in 2002.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPhys Imaging Radiat Oncol
January 2025
Department of Radiation Oncology, Hokkaido University Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, North 15 West 7, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-8638, Japan.
Background And Purpose: Radiation-induced lymphopenia (RIL) may be associated with a worse prognosis in pancreatic cancer. This study aimed to develop a normal tissue complication probability (NTCP) model to predict severe RIL in patients with pancreatic cancer undergoing concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT).
Materials And Methods: We reviewed pancreatic cancer patients treated at our facility for model training and internal validation.
Ann Transl Med
December 2024
Department of Neurosurgery, Providence Neuroscience Center Everett, Everett, WA, USA.
Background: Robotic assistance has become increasingly prevalent in spinal surgery in recent years, emerging as a tool to increase accuracy and precision and lower complication rates and radiation exposure. The 7 and 8 Annual Seattle Science Foundation (SSF) Robotics Courses showcased presentations and demonstrations from some of the field's most experiences leaders on latest topics in robotics and spinal surgery, including cutting-edge preoperative planning technologies, augmented reality (AR) in the operating room, cervical fusion with transpedicular screws, and neuro-oncologic management. We provide a scoping review of the use of robotics technology in spinal surgery featuring highlights from the 7 and 8 Annual SSF Robotics Courses.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Inflamm Res
January 2025
Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China.
Objective: This research sought to assess the predictive potential of the inflammation-immunity-nutrition score (IINS) and the high-sensitivity C-reactive protein-albumin-lymphocyte (CALLY) index in individuals with NSCLC post-surgery.
Methods: The study enrolled 506 patients with NSCLC undergoing R0 resection at the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University. The training cohort was analyzed utilizing X-tile software to identify the ideal threshold values for categorizing high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, albumin, lymphocyte count, and the CALLY index.
J Spine Surg
December 2024
Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, Wales, UK.
Lumbar spinal surgery relies on palpation of anatomical landmarks and X-ray imaging confirmation to identify the correct spinal level, therefore exposing patients and staff to radiation, and increasing intraoperative time and cost. Ultrasound (US) assistance is being used to visualise spinal anatomy by many specialities, such as neurology and anaesthetics, and can be used intraoperatively in selected spinal surgery cases. However, its potential use to check spinal levels prior to surgery remains understudied.
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