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Purpose: Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) and Adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) are two pathologic conditions sharing several clinical features (hirsutism, acne, polycystic ovary morphology, metabolic alterations, ovulatory dysfunctions) and especially hyperandrogenism as a common clinical hallmark. Therefore, making a differential diagnosis of the two conditions still remains a great medical challenge.
Methods: In particular, the comparison discussed in this review referred to non-classical form of adrenal hyperplasia (NCAH), which regards the adult population, and the Endocrine Metabolic Syndrome (EMS), following the new set of PCOS diagnostic criteria proposed by the Experts Group on Inositol and Clinical Research, and on PCOS (EGOI-PCOS).
Prevalence of Intersex/Differences in Sex Development and Primary Gonadal Insufficiency in a Pediatric Transgender Population.
Transgend Health
December 2024
University of Missouri-Kansas City School of Medicine, Kansas City, Missouri, USA.
Purpose: This study aims to assess the prevalence of intersex variations/differences in sex development (I/DSDs), associated adrenal conditions, and primary gonadal insufficiency in children with gender dysphoria.
Methods: We performed a comprehensive review of the medical records for individuals who carried the diagnostic codes for gender dysphoria in addition to intersex and/or other conditions associated with sex steroid variations among patients evaluated by pediatric endocrinologists from 2013 to 2022.
Results: We found that 9 of 612 (1.
A RARE CASE OF NON-CLASSICAL TYPE OF CONGENITAL ADRENAL HYPERPLASIA IN A 27-YEAR-OLD FEMALE.
J Ayub Med Coll Abbottabad
November 2024
Faisalabad Medical University, Faisalabad-Pakistan.
Article Synopsis
- - A 27-year-old female was diagnosed with nonclassical congenital adrenal hyperplasia (NCCAH) after experiencing symptoms like hirsutism, acne, and amenorrhea, which made diagnosis difficult.
- - The case highlights the need to consider NCCAH in patients showing signs of hyperandrogenism, pointing to the complexity of his condition.
- - Treatment with oral dexamethasone and contraceptive pills led to gradual improvement in the patient's symptoms, stressing the importance of proper clinical evaluation.
Diagnostic pitfalls in ovarian androgen-secreting tumors in postmenopausal women with rapidly progressed severe hyperandrogenism.
Post Reprod Health
November 2024
Obstetrics and Gynecology Unit, ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo, San Paolo University Hospital, Milan, Italy.
Article Synopsis
- The study discusses two rare cases of postmenopausal women experiencing rapid virilization and high testosterone levels, despite negative imaging results for ovarian masses.
- Both patients underwent hormone profiling and inconclusive imaging, leading to a suspicion of ovarian tumors, prompting surgical intervention through laparoscopic oophorectomy.
- Histological examination after surgery confirmed Leydig cell tumors in one patient and thecoma in the other, with testosterone levels normalizing and symptoms improving post-surgery, emphasizing the need for thorough evaluation of androgen excess in postmenopausal women.
A woman in her 70s presented with features of hyperandrogenism including clitoral enlargement and deepening of her voice. Biochemical investigations revealed raised plasma androgens and urinary androgen metabolites and imaging findings showed a highly F-18 fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG)-PET avid left adrenal tumour initially suspected to be a malignant adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC). She subsequently underwent an uncomplicated laparoscopic adrenalectomy where complete resection of her tumour was achieved.
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