Mitral Valve Replacement in Infants and Children: Experience Using a 15-mm Mechanical Valve.

Background: Reports using a 15-mm mechanical valve for mitral valve replacement (MMVR) in children are limited. We review our center's operative and postoperative experience with this valve.

Methods: We performed a single-center retrospective chart review identifying patients having undergone MMVRs between 2009 and 2022. We analyzed short- and long-term outcomes using descriptive statistics.

Results: Fifteen patients underwent 16 MMVRs with no operative deaths. The median age and weight at the time of operation was 6.2 months (interquartile range [IQR] 4.4-13.7), and 5.16 kg (IQR 4.5-6.9), respectively. Ten implants (66%) were placed in the supraannular position. Median postoperative duration of intubation was 1.5 days (IQR 1.0-3.75), cardiac intensive care unit length of stay was 6 days (IQR 3-13.5), and overall hospital length of stay was 17.0 days (IQR 12-48.5). Three patients (20%) experienced major adverse events postoperatively. Four of 13 patients discharged home (31%) required readmission within 30 days for subtherapeutic/supratherapeutic international normalized ratio values. There were no surgical mortalities and 4 late mortalities (27%). Six patients underwent subsequent MMVR at a median time to second MMVR of 6.8 (IQR 3.6-8.9) years. There are 6 patients with the original 15-mm MVR at a median time of 4.7 years since placement.

Conclusions: We present the largest single-center cohort of patients having undergone 15-mm MMVR. Our experience is distinguished by a lower rate of major adverse events than previously reported, durability of the device, and a rapid postoperative recovery time. Appropriate and consistent anticoagulation is a notable challenge in this age group.