AI Article Synopsis
- The study investigates how the protein MCUR1 affects calcium balance in mitochondrial cells of cows after calving, particularly under stress from inflammation.
- Exogenous lipopolysaccharide (LPS) exposure increases MCUR1 levels, which leads to calcium overload, high levels of reactive oxygen species, reduced mitochondrial function, and increased cell death.
- Targeting MCUR1 may offer new ways to protect these cells from damage caused by metabolic stress.
Article Abstract
The metabolic stress triggered by negative energy balance after calving induces mitochondrial damage of bovine mammary epithelial cells. Mitochondrial calcium uniporter regulator 1 (MCUR1) is a key protein-coding gene that mediates mitochondrial calcium ion (Ca) uptake and plays an important role in mediating homeostasis of mitochondria. The aim of the present study was to elucidate the effects of MCUR1-mediated Ca homeostasis on mitochondria of bovine mammary epithelial cells in response to an inflammatory challenge with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Exogenous LPS resulted in upregulation of the MCUR1 mRNA and protein abundance, mitochondrial Ca content, and mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (Mito-ROS) content while decreasing mitochondrial membrane potential, causing mitochondrial damage, and increasing the rate of apoptosis. Ryanodine pretreatment attenuated the upregulation of the mitochondrial Ca content and Mito-ROS content induced by LPS. Overexpression of MCUR1 increased the mitochondrial Ca content and Mito-ROS content, while it decreased mitochondrial membrane potential, damaged mitochondria, and induced cell apoptosis. In addition, knockdown of MCUR1 by small interfering RNA attenuated LPS-induced mitochondrial dysfunction by inhibiting mitochondrial Ca uptake. Our results revealed that exogenous LPS induces MCUR1-mediated mitochondrial Ca overload in bovine mammary epithelial cells, which leads to mitochondrial injury. Thus, MCUR1-mediated Ca homeostasis may be a potential therapeutic target against mitochondrial damage induced by metabolic challenges in bovine mammary epithelial cells.
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| http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.jafc.2c07494 | DOI Listing |
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