Clinical, Hematological, and Cytogenetic Profile of Myelodysplastic Syndromes in Adults: A Three-year Cross-sectional Study.

Objectives: Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) are a group of clonal hematological disorders with a diverse clinico-hematological profile. Studies in India have shown a different biology from the West. This study aimed to assess the clinicopathologic profile of MDS patients, classify them according to the World Health Organization classification system, categorize them into International Prognostic Scoring System (IPSS) and the revised IPSS prognostic subgroups, and evaluate the treatment outcome.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 48 patients diagnosed with MDS from January 2017 to December 2019 from Rajagiri Hospital, India. Clinical, hematological, and cytogenetic features were analyzed. The patients were stratified according to the IPSS and revised IPSS and were followed-up for a minimum of six months.

Results: The patients most affected were those in the seventh decade of life. We found a slight female preponderance and a mean age of 57.5 years in females and 67.7 years in males. Anemia was the most common manifestation of MDS. On the other hand, thrombocytopenia was found to be the least common cytopenia. MDS with multilineage dysplasia was the most common subtype. Cytogenetic abnormalities were seen in 29.5% of cases. Most of the patients were in the low-risk prognostic categories.

Conclusions: Our patients were older when compared to those of other Indian studies, with most in the low-risk categories which were like Western data.