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Perivascular adipose tissue: a central player in the triad of diabetes, obesity, and cardiovascular health.
Cardiovasc Diabetol
December 2024
Institute of Physiology, iCBR, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Subunit 1, polo 3, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, Celas, 3000-548, Coimbra, Portugal.
Perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) is a dynamic tissue that affects vascular function and cardiovascular health. The connection between PVAT, the immune system, obesity, and vascular disease is complex and plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of vascular diseases such as atherosclerosis, hypertension, and vascular inflammation. In cardiometabolic diseases, PVAT becomes a significant source of proflammatory adipokines, leading to increased infiltration of immune cells, in cardiometabolic diseases, PVAT becomes a significant source of proinflammatory adipokines, leading to increased infiltration of immune cells, promoting vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation and migrationpromoting vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation and migration.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCan earlobe stimulation serve as a sham for transcutaneous auricular vagus stimulation? Evidence from an alertness study following sleep deprivation.
Psychophysiology
January 2025
Engineering Research Center of Molecular and Neuro Imaging of the Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an, China.
Transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation (taVNS) has garnered increasing attention as a safe and effective peripheral neuromodulation technique in various clinical and cognitive neuroscience fields. However, there is ongoing debate about whether the commonly used earlobe control interferes with the objective assessment of taVNS regulatory effects. This study aims to further explore the regulatory effects of taVNS and earlobe stimulation (ES) on alertness levels and physiological indicators following 24 h of sleep deprivation (SD), based on previous findings that both taVNS and ES showed significant positive effects.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFClinical Correlates of Efficacy of Pyridostigmine in the Treatment of Orthostatic Hypotension.
Hypertension
December 2024
Vanderbilt Autonomic Dysfunction Center, Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN. (L.E.O., A.D., C.A.S., A.G., B.K.B., S.P., I.B.).
Background: The cholinesterase inhibitor pyridostigmine is used to treat orthostatic hypotension by facilitating cholinergic neurotransmission in autonomic ganglia, thereby harnessing residual sympathetic tone to increase blood pressure (BP) preferentially in the upright posture. We hypothesized that less severe autonomic impairment was associated with greater pressor responses to pyridostigmine.
Methods: To identify predictors of pressor response, linear regression analyses between the effect of pyridostigmine on upright BP and markers of autonomic impairment were retrospectively conducted on 38 patients who had a medication trial with pyridostigmine (60 mg single dose).
Spectrum disorder of RFC1 expansions/CANVAS: Clinical and electrophysiological characterization of a group of 31 patients.
Clin Neurophysiol
December 2024
Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Passeig de la Vall d'Hebron, 119, 08035 Barcelona, Spain. Electronic address:
Introduction/objective: Biallelic expansion of the pentanucleotide AAGGG in the RFC1- gene is associated with cerebellar ataxia, neuropathy, and vestibular areflexia syndrome (CANVAS). This study aimed to comprehensively characterise this condition by conducting an in-depth neurophysiological examination of afflicted patients.
Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted in 31 RFC1-positive patients.
A prospective, self-controlled study of sub-plateau heart rate variability in healthy adults.
Front Physiol
December 2024
Department of Cardiology, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, China.
Background: The low-pressure, hypoxic environment characteristic of high-altitude regions significantly affects the cardiovascular and autonomic nervous system functions of individuals, consequently impairing their sleep quality. Heart rate variability, a non-invasive indicator of autonomic nervous system activity and balance within the cardiovascular system, has not been thoroughly investigated in terms of its patterns during acclimatization and de-acclimatization phases for individuals traveling to and residing in high-altitude areas and its relationship with sleep stability.
Methods: Data was collected from 22 medical staff members who traveled from Chengdu to Yecheng, with measurements taken before leaving Chengdu, 1 week in Yecheng, 3 months in Yecheng, and 1 week after returning to Chengdu.
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