Organocatalyzed reversible-deactivation radical polymerizations (RDRPs) are attractive for many applications. Here, we developed photoredox-mediated RDRP by activating (hetero)aryl sulfonyl chloride (ArSO Cl) initiators with pyridines and designing a novel bis(phenothiazine)arene catalyst. The in situ formed sulfonyl pyridinium intermediates effectively promote controlled chain-growth from ArSO Cl, enabling access to various well-defined polymers with high initiation efficiencies and controlled dispersities under mild conditions. This versatile method allows "ON/OFF" temporal control, chain-extension, facile synthesis of different polymer brushes via organocatalyzed grafting reactions from linear chains. Time-resolved fluorescence decay studies and calculations support the reaction mechanism. This work provides a transition-metal-free RDRP to tailor polymers with readily available aromatic initiators, and will promote the design of polymerization leveraged from photoredox catalysis.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/anie.202304461 | DOI Listing |
Angew Chem Int Ed Engl
July 2023
Department of Macromolecular Science, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China.
Organocatalyzed reversible-deactivation radical polymerizations (RDRPs) are attractive for many applications. Here, we developed photoredox-mediated RDRP by activating (hetero)aryl sulfonyl chloride (ArSO Cl) initiators with pyridines and designing a novel bis(phenothiazine)arene catalyst. The in situ formed sulfonyl pyridinium intermediates effectively promote controlled chain-growth from ArSO Cl, enabling access to various well-defined polymers with high initiation efficiencies and controlled dispersities under mild conditions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMacromol Rapid Commun
August 2021
Department of Bioprocess and Materials Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, 13083-852, Brazil.
Reversible deactivation radical polymerization (RDRP) is a class of powerful techniques capable of synthesizing polymers with a well-defined structure, properties, and functionalities. Among the available RDRPs, ATRP is the most investigated. However, the necessity of a metal catalyst represents a drawback and limits its use for some applications.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFChemistry
October 2019
Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, 637371, Singapore, Singapore.
An effective method to synthesize azido-end polymethacrylates from tetrabutylammonium azide (BNN ) in a nonpolar solvent (toluene) was developed. Several low-mass alkyl halides were reacted with BNN in toluene as model reactions and the rate constants of these reactions were determined, to confirm fast BNN azidation for tertiary and secondary halides. The end-group transformation of halide-end polymethacrylates was effective and nearly quantitative.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFChem Sci
November 2017
George & Josephine Butler Polymer Research Laboratory , Center for Macromolecular Science & Engineering , Department of Chemistry , University of Florida, PO Box 117200 , Gainesville , FL 32611-7200 , USA . Email: ; Email:
The direct transformation of commercially available commodity polyacrylates into value-added materials was achieved. We demonstrate how 1,5,7-triazabicyclo[4.4.
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