Objectives: A bidirectional relationship between periodontitis and diabetes has been reported. Its mechanisms are yet to be elucidated. This study examines the interplays amongst dental conditions (periodontitis and functional dentition), diet, and glycaemic control of adults.
Methods: Relevant data of the NHANES surveys (2011-2012 and 2013-2014) (n = 6076) were extracted, including dental examination for generalised severe periodontitis (GSP) and functional dentition, laboratory tests for haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), and 24-hour dietary recall. Multiple regressions and path analysis were conducted to assess the association between dental conditions and glycaemic control and the mediation effect of diet.
Results: Higher HbA1c value was associated with GSP (coef: 0.34; 95% CI: 0.10 to 0.58) and nonfunctional dentition (coef: 0.12; 95% CI: 0.01 to 0.24). Associations were also found between lower fibre intake (g/1000 kcal) with GSP (coef: -1.16; 95% CI: -1.61 to -0.72) and nonfunctional dentition (coef: -0.80; 95% CI: -1.18 to -0.42). Mediation effect of diet (% energy from carbohydrate and energy-adjusted fibre intake) for the association between dental conditions and glycaemic control was not significant.
Conclusions: Periodontitis and functional dentition are significantly associated with fibre intake and glycaemic control in adults. Dietary intake, however, does not mediate the association between dental conditions and glycaemic control.
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia, insulin resistance, and decreased insulin secretion. With its rising global prevalence, effective management strategies are critical to reducing morbidity and mortality. This systematic review compares the efficacy, safety, and long-term outcomes of four major pharmacological treatments for T2DM: sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors, dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors, metformin, and insulin.
Background: Contradictory data are available on the possible association between sarcopenia and other clinical disorders in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) undergoing hemodialysis.
Objective: To determine the association between sarcopenia and markers associated with systemic inflammation, fasting glycemia, and quality of life in older people with CKD undergoing hemodialysis.
Methods: This was an analytical cross-sectional study.
Background: Hepatic glycogen storage diseases (GSDs) are characterised by enzyme defects affecting liver glycogen metabolism, where carbohydrate supplementation to prevent overnight hypoglycaemia is common. Concerns around sleep quality in hepatic GSDs relate to emerging evidence that overnight dysglycaemia impacts sleep quality.
Methods: This prospective observational study reported sleep quality and duration in children with hepatic GSDs over 7 days utilising: actigraphy (Actiwatch 2 by Phillips Respironics), sleep diaries, proxy reported age-appropriate sleep and quality-of-life (QoL) questionnaires, in the context of nocturnal glycaemic profiles continuous glucose monitor (CGM, Dexcom G6) and nocturnal dietary management strategies.
Introduction: Uric acid is formed from purine degradation. Hyperuricemia has emerged as a risk factor for various metabolic diseases including Diabetes mellitus (DM). Uric acid may act as a glucometabolic indicator for Type 2 Diabetes mellitus (T2DM).
Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) affects a substantial proportion of the world's population and is associated with an increased risk of sudden cardiac death (SCD) due to cardiac arrhythmias, specifically prolonged QT intervals. This study investigates the correlation between glycemic control and cardiac health in 77 diabetic patients.
Methods: Patients with both type 1 and type 2 DM aged 14 to 82 years were included.
