Confining molecular guests within artificial hosts has provided a major driving force in the rational design of supramolecular cages with tailored properties. Over the last 30 years, a set of design strategies have been developed that enabled the controlled synthesis of a myriad of cages. Recently, there has been a growing interest in involving in silico methods in this toolbox. Cavity shape and size are important parameters that can be easily accessed by inexpensive geometric algorithms. Although these algorithms are well developed for the detection of nonartificial cavities (e.g., enzymes), they are not routinely used for the rational design of supramolecular cages. In order to test the capabilities of this tool, we have evaluated the performance and characteristics of seven different cavity characterization software in the context of 22 analogues of well-known supramolecular cages. Among the tested software, KVFinder project and Fpocket proved to be the most software to characterize supramolecular cavities. With the results of this work, we aim to popularize this underused technique within the supramolecular community.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.jcim.3c00328 | DOI Listing |
J Org Chem
December 2024
Department of Chemistry and the UCR Center for Catalysis, University of California-Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, United States.
suite of internally functionalized FeL cage complexes has been synthesized with lipophilic end groups to allow dissolution in varied solvent mixtures, and the scope of their molecular recognition of a series of neutral, nonpolar guests has been analyzed. The lipophilic end groups confer cage solubility in solvents with a wide range of polarities, from hexafluoroisopropanol (HFIP) to tetrahydrofuran, and the hosts show micromolar affinities for neutral guests, despite having no flat panels enclosing the cavity. These hosts allow interrogation of the effects of an internal functional group on guest binding properties, as well as solvent-based driving forces for recognition.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInorg Chem
December 2024
Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Inorganic Oxygenated Materials, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian350108, China.
The first example of a Sn(IV)-containing heteropolyoxoniobate KH[Cu(en)]{[Sn(OH)] (HNbO)}·2en·88HO () is built from nanoscale high-nuclearity cubic {[Sn(OH)](HNbO)} cluster and [Cu(en)] complexes. The cubic {[Sn(OH)](HNbO)} cage is composed of eight {NbO} clusters and 12 SnO octahedrons. The eight {NbO} fragments are situated at the vertices of the cubic cage, while the 12 SnO octahedrons are positioned along the edges of the cubic cage.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAcc Chem Res
January 2025
Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China.
ConspectusThe past decades have witnessed the proliferation of porous materials offering high surface areas and the revolution in gas storage and separation, where metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) stand out as an important family. Alongside the pursuit of higher surface area, the increase in the size of guests, such as nanoparticles and biomolecules, has also led to the demand for larger space defined by the pores and cages within the MOF structure, from the conventional micropore regime (<2 nm) toward the mesopore regime (2-50 nm). Among the essential elements in the design of MOFs, molecular building blocks, their coordination and spatial arrangement, the chemistry for molecular design, and coordination bonds have become relatively mature, offering precise control of the shape and environment of the molecularly defined 3D cages; however, the correlation between the geometrical parameters and the size of polyhedrons describing the cages, concerning the spatial arrangement of building blocks, is much less explored.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNanoscale
December 2024
Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, CMC UMR 7140, F-67000 Strasbourg, France.
Nanosized chiral octahedral M coordination cages were prepared self-assembly of sulfonylcalix[4]arene tetranuclear M(II) clusters (M = Co or Ni) with enantiomerically enriched linkers based on tris(dipyrrinato)cobalt(III) complexes, appended with peripheral carboxylic groups. Two pairs of enantiomers of cages were obtained and unambiguously characterized from a structural point of view, using single crystal X-ray diffraction. Chiral-HPLC was used to evidence the enantiomers.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFiScience
December 2024
Department of Chemistry and the UCR Center for Catalysis, University of California - Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521, USA.
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