In the past decades, we have witnessed tremendous technical innovations in computed tomography (CT) imaging. These included improvements in temporal and spatial resolution, lowering of the radiation dose, the introduction of dual-energy and multi-energy imaging, automated image preprocessing and machine learning algorithms, and, most recently, the development and clinical introduction of photon-counting detector CT. This special issue of Investigative Radiology comprises a collection of expert summaries and reviews on this most impactful recent innovation and cutting-edge technology of photon-counting detector CT. It includes articles on technical details about this new CT scanner type and summaries of the first clinical experience in cardiac and vascular imaging, neuroimaging, as well as chest and abdominal imaging, and concludes with an outlook to new contrast agents with potential for k-edge imaging, which are on the horizon.
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Reconstruction Kernel Optimization for Ultra-High-Resolution Photon-Counting Detector Computed Tomography of the Lung.
J Comput Assist Tomogr
November 2024
From the Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Divisions of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Imaging, Medical University of South Carolina. Charleston, SC.
Background: The latest generation of computed tomography (CT) systems based on photon-counting detector promises significant improvements in several clinical applications, including chest imaging.
Purpose: The aim of the study is to evaluate the image quality of ultra-high-resolution (UHR) photon-counting detector CT (PCD-CT) of the lung using four sharp reconstruction kernels.
Material And Methods: This retrospective study included 25 patients (11 women and 14 men; median age, 71 years) who underwent unenhanced chest CT from April to May 2023.
Voxelwise characterization of noise for a clinical photon-counting CT scanner with a model-based iterative reconstruction algorithm.
Eur Radiol Exp
January 2025
Unit of Medical Physics, Pisa University Hospital "Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Pisana", Pisa, Italy.
Background: Photon-counting detector (PCD) technology has the potential to reduce noise in computed tomography (CT). This study aimed to carry out a voxelwise noise characterization for a clinical PCD-CT scanner with a model-based iterative reconstruction algorithm (QIR).
Methods: Forty repeated axial acquisitions (tube voltage 120 kV, tube load 200 mAs, slice thickness 0.
Artifact Reduction in Interventional Devices Using Virtual Monoenergetic Images and Iterative Metal Artifact Reduction on Photon-Counting Detector CT.
Invest Radiol
January 2025
From the Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany (Y.C.L., N.M., P.A.K., A.I., T.D., J.A.L., D.K.); and Siemens Healthineers AG, Erlangen, Germany (S.F., V.H., B.S.).
Objectives: The aim of this study was to assess the impact of an iterative metal artifact reduction (iMAR) algorithm combined with virtual monoenergetic images (VMIs) for artifact reduction in photon-counting detector computed tomography (PCDCT) during interventions.
Materials And Methods: Using an abdominal phantom, we conducted evaluations on the efficacy of iMAR and VMIs for mitigating image artifacts during interventions on a PCDCT. Four different puncture devices were employed under 2 scan modes (QuantumSn at 100 kV, Quantumplus at 140 kV) to simulate various clinical scenarios.
CT Angiography of the Upper Extremities: Review of Acute Arterial Entities.
Radiographics
January 2025
From the Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, 510 S Kingshighway Blvd, St. Louis, MO 63110.
Historically, evaluation of the upper extremity vasculature was performed using digital subtraction angiography. With the advancement of cross-sectional imaging and submillimeter isotropic data acquisition, CT angiography (CTA) has become an excellent noninvasive diagnostic tool for evaluation of the vasculature of the upper extremities. CTA allows quick evaluation of vessel patency and irregularity and achievement of the anatomic detail needed in preoperative planning.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFImproved visualization of the inferior tympanic and mastoid canaliculi with photon counting detector CT.
Am J Otolaryngol
December 2024
Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
Purpose: To compare the performance of the photon-counting detector (PCD)-CT versus a state-of-the-art energy-integrating detector (EID)-CT to identify segments of the inferior tympanic canaliculus (Jacobsons nerve) and the mastoid canaliculus (Arnolds nerve).
Materials & Methods: Patients were prospectively recruited to undergo temporal bone CT on both EID-CT (Siemens Somatom Force) and PCD-CT (Siemens NAEOTOM Alpha) scanners under an IRB-approved protocol. Three neuroradiologists reviewed cases by consensus comparing the ability to identify the proximal, mid, and distal segments of the inferior tympanic canaliculus/Jacobsons nerve and mastoid canaliculus/Arnolds nerve on each scanner using 5-point Likert scales (with 1 indicating EID is far superior to PCD, 3 indicating they are equivalent, and 5 indicating PCD is far superior to EID).
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