This study aimed to 1) explore the experiences and perceptions of pediatric physical therapists (PTs) and occupational therapists (OTs) who use FES in their practice, and 2) provide recommendations for overcoming common barriers to FES implementation. Eight Canadian PTs ( = 6) and OTs ( = 2), who use FES in their pediatric practice, participated in semi-structured interviews. Open-ended questions queried the motivation, goals, perceived benefits and challenges, and facilitators and barriers of FES use. Interviews were audio recorded and transcribed verbatim. Interpretive description was used to analyze the transcripts. One overarching theme emerged: FES is a useful adjunct to therapy for certain pediatric clients. Four sub-themes were identified: Participants described 1) motivation for incorporating FES into clinical practice, which led to 2) experiences with the implementation of FES in clinical practice, including strategies for overcoming implementation barriers. These experiences influenced 3) how FES is used in practice (e.g. for which populations and therapeutic goals), and informed 4) recommendations for pediatric FES practice (e.g. more educational opportunities, research, and access for families). Pediatric PTs and OTs who use FES in clinical practice view FES as a valuable adjunct, especially for motor training to improve functional skills.
5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) is one of the most common chemotherapeutic agents for colorectal cancer (CRC), but its application is often limited by resistance. Tripartite motif containing 23 (TRIM23) has been reported to be dysregulated in various tumors and involved in tumor progression and chemotherapy resistance. However, its relationship with CRC 5-FU resistance and the underlying mechanism are still unclear.
Background: Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) specimens are histologically analyzed to identify incidental pathologies. However, no guidelines recommend routine histology. This study evaluates the clinical utility of LSG sample analysis and if incidental diagnoses have a significant clinical impact.
The evolution of orthopaedics has witnessed a pronounced shift from generalist practice to subspecialisation, a trend that has fundamentally reshaped the field over the past century. Originally, orthopaedic surgeons were trained to address a broad spectrum of musculoskeletal conditions. However, increasing complexity and specialization in knowledge have driven a progressive narrowing of focus within orthopaedics.
Objective: The aim of the present work is to systematically review and present the existing literature on anatomical variations of the appendix.
Methods: Detailed research was conducted in the PubMed medical database, using the terms "Appendix" AND "Anatomical variations", and 74 articles were initially revealed. After the application of the inclusion and exclusion criteria, all the non-related articles were excluded, and thus 40 articles were finally selected.
Background: Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a common but underdiagnosed and undertreated health condition and is the leading cause of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) worldwide. HBV (rated a Grade 1 carcinogen by the International Agency for Research on Cancer) drives the transformation of hepatocytes in multiple ways by inducing viral DNA integrations, genetic dysregulation, chromosomal translocations, chronic inflammation, and oncogenic pathways facilitated by some HBV proteins. Importantly, these mechanisms are active throughout all phases of HBV infection.
