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Methods and Models for Studying in Respiratory Infections.
Int J Mol Sci
December 2024
Anatomy and Physiopathology Division, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy.
Respiratory infections, including tuberculosis, constitute a major global health challenge. Tuberculosis (TB), caused by (Mtb), remains one of the leading causes of mortality worldwide. The disease's complexity is attributed to Mtb's capacity to persist in latent states, evade host immune defenses, and develop resistance to antimicrobial treatments, posing significant challenges for diagnosis and therapy.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPerformance of three diagnostic tests for tuberculosis among Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) patients presenting to a health facility in an informal urban settlement in Nairobi, Kenya.
PLoS One
January 2025
Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Public and Global Health, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya.
The absence of an accurate reference test complicates the evaluation of tuberculosis (TB) diagnostic tests among people living with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (PLWHIV). The objective of this study was to estimate (using Bayesian latent class models [BLCM]) the sensitivity (Se), specificity (Sp) and negative and positive predictive values (NPV and PPV) of sputum smear microscopy (SSM), Xpert Ultra and lipoarabinomannan antigen (LAM) tests for TB among PLWHIV in Nairobi, Kenya. This cross-sectional study enrolled a total of 190 patients aged ≥ 18 years with presumptive TB seeking treatment at the Kibra Community Health Center Comprehensive Care Centre (CCC) clinic between September 2022 and March 2023.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPerformance of LDBio Aspergillus ICT IgM/IgG Lateral Flow Assay in Diagnosing Chronic Pulmonary Aspergillosis in Community Versus Hospital Setting.
Mycopathologia
January 2025
Doodhadhari Burfani Hospital, Haridwar, Uttarakhand, India.
Background: LDBio immunochromatographic lateral flow assay, a point-of care test, detects IgM/IgG antibodies against Aspergillus fumigatus (LDBio-ALFA). LDBio-ALFA has been evaluated for diagnosing chronic pulmonary aspergillosis (CPA) in hospital patients, though its efficacy in field settings remains unexamined.
Objective: Our primary objective was to assess the diagnostic accuracy of LDBio-ALFA in diagnosing CPA in a field and a hospital cohort.
Diagnosis and treatment of latent tuberculosis infection among household contacts in inland Bahia, Brazil: a cross-sectional follow-up study.
Sao Paulo Med J
January 2025
Adjunt Professor, College of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Vale do São Francisco (UNIVASF), Paulo Afonso (BA), Brazil.
Background: The diagnosis and treatment of latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) are crucial for tuberculosis (TB) control. Household contacts (HHC) of patients with pulmonary TB are at a high risk of LTBI due to their close proximity to source cases.
Objective: To describe the diagnosis and treatment of LTBI among HHC.
Noncanonical roles of ATG5 and membrane atg8ylation in retromer assembly and function.
Elife
January 2025
Autophagy, Inflammation and Metabolism Center of Biochemical Research Excellence, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, United States.
ATG5 is one of the core autophagy proteins with additional functions such as noncanonical membrane atg8ylation, which among a growing number of biological outputs includes control of tuberculosis in animal models. Here, we show that ATG5 associates with retromer's core components VPS26, VPS29, and VPS35 and modulates retromer function. Knockout of ATG5 blocked trafficking of a key glucose transporter sorted by the retromer, GLUT1, to the plasma membrane.
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