Purpose: Perceptual errors account for a significant percent of errors in radiology. Reasons for failure to identify significant lesions are partially due to suboptimal differences in image contrast. The goal of this study is to determine if teaching trainees how to adjust image contrast, window, and level helps trainees identify pulmonary nodules on chest radiographs (CXRs).
Approach: Fourteen medical students voluntarily participated. Subjects were asked to identify pulmonary nodules on CXRs before and after being taught how to adjust image contrast, window, and level. At the end of the study, subjects were given a survey assessing their perceptions about their training.
Results: The experimental group was more confident in their ability to localize nodules relative to the control group ( -value = 0.003). Subjects demonstrated statistically significant improvement in their ability to identify and localize nodules, with the experimental group performing better than the control group, though there was no statistically significant difference between groups. Participant survey indicated that they felt this training was beneficial, -values for all survey responses were significant ( -values all ).
Conclusions: Teaching subjects how to window and level medical images may be a useful adjunct to current training for medical image interpretation.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/1.JMI.10.S1.S11907 | DOI Listing |
Viruses
December 2024
International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI), Block-C, First Floor, NASC Complex, CG Centre, DPS Marg, Pusa, New Delhi 110012, India.
Mass vaccination against peste des petits ruminants (PPR) in two southern states of India, namely Andhra Pradesh and Karnataka, has reduced disease outbreaks significantly. The sporadic outbreaks reported now can be attributed in part to the recurring movement of sheep and goats between these contiguous states. This study assessed the present level of economic burden and impact of vaccination on the local system (one state), considering the exposure from the external system (neighboring state) using a system dynamic (SD) model.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNutrients
January 2025
Department of Physiology and Aging, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA.
Background/objectives: Time-restricted eating (TRE) has been associated with beneficial effects for inflammation and oxidative stress; however, the effects of TRE on inflammation and oxidative stress in the aging population have not been explored.
Methods: This secondary analysis tested the effects of TRE on pro-inflammatory (hs-CRP [high-sensitivity C-reactive protein], IL-1β [interleukin 1 beta], IL-6 [interleukin 6], TNF-α [tumor necrosis factor alpha]) and oxidative stress (8-isoprostane) biomarkers in ten overweight older adults (mean age = 77.1 ± 6.
Polymers (Basel)
January 2025
School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, 280 Daehak-ro, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea.
Solid polymer electrolytes (SPEs) for symmetrical supercapacitors are proposed herein with activated carbon as electrodes and optimized solid polymer electrolyte membranes, which serve as the separators and electrolytes. We propose the design of a low-cost solid polymer electrolyte consisting of guanidinium nitrate (GuN) and poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) with poly(vinylpyrrolidone) (PVP). Using the solution casting approach, blended polymer electrolytes with varying GuN weight percentage ratios of PVP and PEO are prepared.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMicroorganisms
December 2024
National Reference Laboratory for Animal Schistosomiasis, Key Laboratory of Animal Parasitology of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 200241, China.
Schistosomiasis, caused by , continues to pose a major public health threat in East Asia, with an estimated 71 million people at risk of infection. Domestic animals, especially buffaloes and goats, serve as important reservoir hosts, facilitating the transmission of the parasite to humans. While praziquantel (PZQ) is the first-line treatment for schistosomiasis due to its broad-spectrum efficacy against adult schistosomes, its prophylactic potential is less explored.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMicromachines (Basel)
December 2024
Zhejiang Xinsheng Semiconductor Technology, Zhuji 311899, China.
Silicon-glass anode bonding is the key technology in the process of wafer-level packaging for MEMS sensors. During the anodic bonding process, the device may experience adhesion failure due to the influence of electric field forces. A common solution is to add a metal shielding layer between the glass substrate and the device.
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