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Office blood pressure versus ambulatory blood pressure measurement in childhood obesity. | LitMetric

AI Article Synopsis

  • The study explores how common high blood pressure (BP) is in overweight and obese children and whether ambulatory blood pressure measurement (ABPM) offers better insights than traditional office BP measurements.
  • It involved 82 children aged 4-17 years, who underwent both office BP checks and 24-hour ABPM to evaluate their blood pressure patterns.
  • Results showed that over half of the participants were normotensive via ABPM, but a significant portion had elevated BP, hypertension, or abnormal nighttime BP patterns, indicating discrepancies between office readings and actual BP behavior in these children.

Article Abstract

Background: The prevalence of obesity-related co-morbidities is rising parallel to the childhood obesity epidemic. High blood pressure (BP), as one of these co-morbidities, is detected nowadays at increasingly younger ages. The diagnosis of elevated BP and hypertension, especially in the childhood population, presents a challenge to clinicians. The added value of ambulatory blood pressure measurement (ABPM) in relation to office blood pressure (OBP) measurements in obese children is unclear. Furthermore, it is unknown how many overweight and obese children have an abnormal ABPM pattern. In this study we evaluated ABPM patterns in a population of overweight and obese children and adolescents, and compared these patterns with regular OBP measurements.

Methods: In this cross-sectional study in overweight or obese children and adolescents aged 4-17 years who were referred to secondary pediatric obesity care in a large general hospital in The Netherlands, OBP was measured during a regular outpatient clinic visit. Additionally, all participants underwent a 24-hour ABPM on a regular week-day. Outcome measures were OBP, mean ambulatory SBP and DBP, BP load (percentage of readings above the ambulatory 95th blood pressure percentiles), ambulatory BP pattern (normal BP, white-coat hypertension, elevated BP, masked hypertension, ambulatory hypertension), and BP dipping.

Results: We included 82 children aged 4-17 years. They had a mean BMI Z-score of 3.3 (standard deviation 0.6). Using ABPM, 54.9% of the children were normotensive (95% confidence interval 44.1-65.2), 26.8% had elevated BP, 9.8% ambulatory hypertension, 3.7% masked hypertension, and 4.9% white-coat hypertension. An isolated night-time BP load > 25% was detected in almost a quarter of the children. 40% of the participants lacked physiologic nocturnal systolic BP dipping. In the group of children with normal OBP, 22.2% turned out to have either elevated BP or masked hypertension on ABPM.

Conclusions: In this study a high prevalence of abnormal ABPM patterns in overweight or obese children and adolescents was detected. Additionally, OBP poorly correlated with the child's actual ABPM pattern. Herewith, we emphasized the usefulness of ABPM as an important diagnostic tool in this population.

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Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10148489PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12887-023-04010-4DOI Listing

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