Impacting factors and sources of perceived stress by home-quarantined residents in Shanghai during COVID-19 epidemic.

Background: Home-quarantine is one of the most common measures implemented to prevent or minimize the transmission of COVID-19 among communities. This study assessed stress levels of the home-quarantined residents in Shanghai during a massive wave of COVID-19 epidemic this year, explored the stress sources perceived by the respondents, and analyzed the association between each of the sociodemographic factors and the stress level.

Methods: This online survey was launched during April 23 - 30, 2022, the early stage of a massive wave of COVID-19 in Shanghai, China. Participants were quarantined-residents negative for COVID-19. They were asked to list some situations that were their major concerns and perceived stressful, in addition to sociodemographic and COVID-19 related information. Moreover, they were asked to complete the Perceived Stress Scale-14 (PSS-14) for the assessment of stress level.

Results: A total of 488 valid questionnaires were collected from 192 male and 296 female respondents. Overall, 207 persons (42.42%) presented high stress level (PSS-14 score ≥43). The top three concerns perceived stressful by respondents are "not allowed to go outdoors", "uncertain duration of the epidemic", and "lack of food supply". Fewer than 50% of the respondents perceived the other situations stressful. Higher proportions of young adults (≤ 29 years old), males, unemployed, singles, and those with low income (≤ 1999 yuan/month) perceived high stress compared to their counterparts, none of COVID-19 related factors is associated with the stress level, including location of residence, result of nucleic acid test, knowledge about COVID-19, whether vaccinated, and quarantine duration.

Conclusion: Home-quarantine applied to people negative for COVID-19 led to a lot of major concerns that may be perceived stressful, whereas the virus-related factors did not show significant impact on mental health of the respondents.