The majority of genetically modified (GM) crops are produced for livestock consumption, whereas minimal attention has been given to GM crops for direct human consumption. In South Africa, GM white maize has been grown for direct human consumption alongside GM yellow maize and conventional hybrid (CH) maize for livestock feed since 1999. Here we investigate yield differences between GM white, GM yellow and CH maize across 106 locations, 28 years, 491 cultivars, and 49,335 dryland and 9,617 irrigated observations in South Africa. GM maize increased mean yields over CH by 0.42 metric tons (Mt) ha and reduced yield risk. We show that GM white maize increased yields by 0.60 Mt ha and GM yellow maize by 0.27 Mt ha compared with CH maize. GM yield gains were similar for dry and irrigated production. Our study highlights the potential impacts of growing GM grain crops for human consumption in African countries.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s43016-021-00231-x | DOI Listing |
Background: Reliable treatment approaches for addressing early cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease (AD) are currently lacking. Given the multifactorial nature of AD, therapeutic strategies need to focus on disease-specific biochemical pathways. Given the significance of metabolic pathways in cognitive impairment, it is essential to investigate alternative disease modifiers capable of targeting multiple metabolic pathways, such as phytochemicals.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAlzheimers Dement
December 2024
Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, São Paulo/SP, Brazil.
Background: Dementia awareness and education are currently limited among healthcare workers and the general public, contributing towards the generation and propagation of stigma and discrimination against people with dementia worldwide. It is crucial to promote evidence-based anti-stigma interventions with a focus on stigma reduction.
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Alzheimers Dement
December 2024
Drexel University College of Nursing and Health Professions, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Background: A large body of research supports the benefits of older adults engaging in physical activity outdoors. However, a paucity of research explores factors associated with the frequency of older adults going outdoors. The aim of this study was to explore how factors including cognition, neighborhood characteristics, and physical ability were associated with community-dwelling older adults' outdoor frequency.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAlzheimers Dement
December 2024
Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, São Paulo/SP, Brazil.
Background: The number of people with dementia (PWD) is increasing worldwide, and especially in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC). Dementia's burden extends beyond mortality and healthcare costs. In LMIC, dementia indirect costs are proportionally higher.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAlzheimers Dement
December 2024
Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, Brazil.
Background: Informal care of older adults impacts the lives of millions worldwide. Critically, low- and middle-income countries have the highest proportion of dementia costs related to informal care. Research suggests that older adults' cognitive decline is associated with burden among caregivers, which corroborates the worsening in caregivers' quality of life and mental health.
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