Searching for new alternatives for treating leishmaniasis, we present the synthesis, characterization, and biological evaluation against of the new ZnCl() complex. is 22-hydrazone-imidazoline-2-yl-chol-5-ene-3β-ol, a well-known bioactive molecule functioning as a sterol Δ-sterol methyl transferase (24-SMT) inhibitor. The ZnCl() complex was characterized by infrared, UV-vis, molar conductance measurements, elemental analysis, mass spectrometry, and NMR experiments. The biological results showed that the free ligand and ZnCl() significantly inhibited the growth of promastigotes and intracellular amastigotes. The IC values found for and ZnCl() were 5.2 µM and 2.5 µM for promastigotes, and 543 nM and 32 nM for intracellular amastigotes, respectively. Thus, the ZnCl() complex proved to be seventeen times more potent than the free ligand against the intracellular amastigote, the clinically relevant stage. Furthermore, cytotoxicity assays and determination of selectivity index (SI) revealed that ZnCl() (CC = 5 μΜ, SI = 156) is more selective than (CC = 10 μΜ, SI = 20). Furthermore, as is a specific inhibitor of the 24-SMT, free sterol analysis was performed. The results showed that was not only able to induce depletion of endogenous parasite sterols (episterol and 5-dehydroepisterol) and their replacement by 24-desalkyl sterols (cholesta-5,7,24-trien-3β-ol and cholesta-7,24-dien-3β-ol) but also its zinc derivative resulting in a loss of cell viability. Using electron microscopy, studies on the fine ultrastructure of the parasites showed significant differences between the control cells and parasites treated with and ZnCl(). The inhibitors induced membrane wrinkle, mitochondrial injury, and abnormal chromatin condensation changes that are more intense in the cells treated with ZnCl().
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http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics15041113 | DOI Listing |
J Sep Sci
December 2024
Department of Chemistry, Yanbian University, Yanji, P. R. China.
Nanoplastics (NPs) are emerging water contaminants that threaten human health and ecological security. Developing a method for detecting NPs is significant because of their biological toxicity and mobility. In this study, magnetic solid-phase extraction (MSPE) combined with pyrolysis gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (Py-GC/MS) was used for the pretreatment and qualitative detection of NPs in complex matrices to avoid sample dissolution and eluent usages.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAnal Bioanal Chem
November 2024
Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Marine and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Marine Research (INMAR), University of Cádiz, 11510, Puerto Real, Cádiz, Spain.
In this work, we explore a new dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (DLLME) method to selectively separate chemical species of Cd and Zn in saline waters. It is based on the use of the magnetic ionic liquid (MIL) methyltrioctylammonium tetrachloroferrate ([N][FeCl]), which allows an efficient and environmentally friendly extraction of the target species. In addition, the paramagnetic component in the MIL simplifies the separation step required in DLLME, allowing for fast separation and recovery of the extracted species with a magnet, without a centrifugation step.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBiomater Sci
December 2024
Department of Chemistry, COMSATS University, Abbottabad Campus, KPK, Pakistan 22060.
Chiral recognition holds tremendous significance in both life science and chemistry. The ability to differentiate between enantiomers is crucial because one enantiomer typically holds greater biological relevance while its counterpart is often not only unnecessary but also potentially harmful. In this regard, homochiral metallacycle [ZnClL] is used in this study to understand and differentiate between the and enantiomers of amino acids (alanine, proline, serine, and valine).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCarbohydr Polym
January 2025
Guangdong Provincial Laboratory of Chemistry and Fine Chemical Engineering Jieyang Center, Jieyang 515200, China; School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510640, China. Electronic address:
With the increasing demand for anti-fogging transparent material and environmental concern, developing sustainable intrinsically hydrophilic and anti-fogging thermoplastic material is important. In this work, thermoplastic starch (TPS) films with good anti-fogging and optical properties were prepared via coordinative interactions with calcium chloride (CaCl), zinc chloride (ZnCl) and magnesium chloride (MgCl). Among them, TPS with the incorporation of CaCl exhibited excellent anti-fogging and high optical transparency.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Total Environ
December 2024
Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, Sichuan, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environment Protection, Soil Ecological Protection and Pollution Control, Sichuan University & Department of Ecology and Environment of Sichuan, Chengdu 610065, Sichuan, PR China. Electronic address:
Although microbial-induced carbonate precipitation (MICP) technology is both environmentally friendly and cost-effective, its efficiency is constrained by challenges such as low bacterial activity and heavy metal stress. This study explored the enhancement of mineralization efficiency by incorporating zinc (Zn) into the cultivation system of carbonate-mineralized bacteria. All Zn salts at a concentration of 30 μmol/L significantly enhanced the density and heavy metal resistance of bacterial cells, while also promoting CO hydration efficiency.
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