Bivalve hemocytes have pivotal role as cellular biodefense. However, no information is available for cytological parameters, marker gene and function of the hemocytes in Yesso scallop, a commercially important aquaculture species worldwide. Due to their extremely strong cell aggregation ability, the scallop hemocytes were not able to assess as a single cell so far. In the present study, we established methodologies for studying the hemocytes of Yesso scallop, assessed cell morphology, measured seasonal fluctuation, and analyzed transcriptomes and cellular behavior during the immune response. Our results showed that the Yesso scallop possesses a single type of leukocyte-type hemocytes similar to other bivalve granulocytes circulating at an average of 1 × 10 cells/ml throughout the year. In addition, we identified five molecular marker genes specific to the scallop hemocytes. These hemocyte markers enabled us to precisely detect the hemocyte localization. Using these markers, we confirmed that tissue transplantation can experimentally induce an immune response, leading to the mobilization of circulating hemocytes for encapsulation. This study provides a comprehensive understanding of scallop hemocytes and their role in the cellular biodefense system of bivalves and various methods for cytological analysis.
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| http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fsi.2023.108751 | DOI Listing |
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Article Synopsis
- Myostatin (MSTN) is crucial for muscle development in animals, but its regulation in marine invertebrates, like bivalves, is not well understood.
- The study involved cloning the MSTN promoter sequence from the Yesso scallop, discovering multiple transcription start sites and binding sites for transcription factors like MEF2.
- The research showed that MEF2 significantly enhances MSTN transcriptional activity, which implies its role in regulating muscle growth in the Yesso scallop.
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