UvATG6 Interacts with BAX Inhibitor 1 Proteins and Plays Critical Roles in Growth, Conidiation, and Virulence in .

Autophagy and apoptosis are evolutionarily conserved catabolic processes involved in regulating development and cellular homeostasis. Bax inhibitor 1 (BI-1) and autophagy protein 6 (ATG6) perform essential functions in these roles, such as cellular differentiation and virulence in various filamentous fungi. However, the functions of ATG6 and BI-1 proteins in development and virulence in the rice false smut fungus Ustilaginoidea virens are still poorly understood. In this study, UvATG6 was characterized in U. virens. The deletion of almost abolished autophagy in and reduced growth, conidial production and germination, and virulence. Stress tolerance assays showed that mutants were sensitive to hyperosmotic, salt, and cell wall integrity stresses but were insensitive to oxidative stress. Furthermore, we found that UvATG6 interacted with UvBI-1 or UvBI-1b and suppressed Bax-induced cell death. We previously found that UvBI-1 could suppress Bax-induced cell death and was a negative regulator of mycelial growth and conidiation. Unlike UvBI-1, UvBI-1b could not suppress cell death. -deleted mutants exhibited decreased growth and conidiation, while the and double deletion reduced the phenotype, indicating that and antagonistically regulate mycelial growth and conidiation. In addition, the and double mutants exhibited decreased virulence. Our results provide evidence of the cross talk of autophagy and apoptosis in and give clues for studying other phytopathogenic fungi. causes destructive panicle disease in rice, significantly threatening agricultural production. UvATG6 is required for autophagy and contributes to growth, conidiation, and virulence in . Additionally, it interacts with the Bax inhibitor 1 proteins UvBI-1 and UvBI-1b. UvBI-1 suppresses cell death induced by Bax, unlike UvBI-1b. negatively regulates growth and conidiation, while is required for these phenotypes. These results indicate that UvBI-1 and UvBI-1b may antagonistically regulate growth and conidiation. In addition, both of them contribute to virulence. Additionally, our results suggest cross talk between autophagy and apoptosis, contributing to the development, adaptability, and virulence of .