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| http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/HEP.0000000000000426 | DOI Listing |
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Insights into age-related osteoporosis from senescence-based preclinical models and human accelerated aging paradigms.
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Department of Medicine, Divisions of Geriatric Medicine and Gerontology, the Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, and the Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota. Electronic address:
Preclinical models of age-related osteoporosis have been developed based on the accumulation and clearance of senescent cells. The former include animal models based on telomere dysfunction and focal radiation; the latter based on genetic and pharmacological targeting (i.e.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe telomere connection between aging and cancer: The burden of replication stress and dysfunction.
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Department of Medicine, Academy of Applied Medical and Social Sciences-AMiSNS: Akademia Medycznych I Spolecznych Nauk Stosowanych-2 Lotnicza Street, 82-300 Elbląg, Poland; Department of General Surgery and Surgical Oncology, "Saint Wojciech" Hospital, "Nicolaus Copernicus" Health Center, Jana Pawła II 50, 80-462 Gdańsk, Poland.
Aging is a complex process that affects individuals at the molecular, cellular, tissue, and systemic levels, arising from the cumulative effects of damage and diminished repair mechanisms. This process leads to the onset of age-related diseases, including cancer, which exhibits increased incidence with age. Telomeres, the protective caps at chromosome ends, play a crucial role in genome stability and are closely connected with aging and age-related disorders.
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Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Developmental Toxicology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, China; Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, China. Electronic address:
Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) are pervasive organic chemicals with significant environmental and ecological ramifications, extending to adverse human health effects due to their toxicity and persistence. The intestinal mucosal barrier, a sophisticated defense mechanism comprising the epithelial layer, mucosal chemistry, and cellular immunity, shields the host from external threats and fosters a symbiotic relationship with intestinal bacteria. Sirtuin 6 (SIRT6), a sirtuin family member, is pivotal in genome and telomere stability, inflammation regulation, and metabolic processes.
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Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Perugia, Via San Costanzo 4, 06126 Perugia, Italy.
The aging process is a multifactorial biological phenomenon starting at birth and persisting throughout life, characterized by a decline in physiological functions and adaptability. This decline results in the diminished capacity of aging organisms to respond to environmental changes and stressors, leading to reduced efficiency in metabolic, immune, and hormonal functions. As behavioral flexibility wanes, older individuals face longer recovery times and increased vulnerability to diseases.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSuppressing the Aging Phenotype of Mesenchymal Stromal Cells: Are We Ready for Clinical Translation?
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Department of Surgical Sciences, CIR-Dental School, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy.
Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) are involved in the maintenance and regeneration of a large variety of tissues due to their stemness and multi-lineage differentiation capability. Harnessing these advantageous features, a flurry of clinical trials have focused on MSCs to treat different pathologies, but only few protocols have received regulatory approval so far. Among the various causes hindering MSCs' efficacy is the emergence of cellular senescence, which has been correlated with specific characteristics, such as morphological and epigenetic alterations, DNA damage, ROS production, mitochondrial dysfunction, telomere shortening, non-coding RNAs, loss of proteostasis, and a peculiar senescence-associated secretory phenotype.
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