Potassium oxide (KO) is used as a promotor in industrial ammonia synthesis, although metallic potassium (K) is better in theory. The reason KO is used is because metallic K, which volatilizes around 400 °C, separates from the catalyst in the harsh ammonia synthesis conditions of the Haber-Bosch process. To maximize the efficiency of ammonia synthesis, using metallic K with low temperature reaction below 400 °C is prerequisite. Here, we synthesize ammonia using metallic K and Fe as a catalyst via mechanochemical process near ambient conditions (45 °C, 1 bar). The final ammonia concentration reaches as high as 94.5 vol%, which was extraordinarily higher than that of the Haber-Bosch process (25.0 vol%, 450 °C, 200 bar) and our previous work (82.5 vol%, 45 °C, 1 bar).

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http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10122650PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41467-023-38050-2DOI Listing

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