Development and application of lateral flow strip with three test lines for detection of deoxynivalenol in wheat.

Lateral flow strip was widely used and their qualitative and quantitative performance was in continuous improvement. However, the traditional strip was in a single-test-line format, which restricted operators to making a semi-quantitative judgment around a desired threshold concentration. Herein, a single strip with three test lines (TTLS) was developed for the semi-quantitative and quantitative determination of deoxynivalenol (DON). Four visual detection thresholds were obtained under optimized conditions and 35 wheat samples with DON content from 45 µg/kg to 2841 µg/kg were used to verify the method. The detection results were compared with that of the traditional strip and UPLC-MS/MS. In a three-test-line format, TTLS could reveal at least 200, 500, 1000, and 2000 µg/kg DON existed in different samples by the naked eye. The agreement analysis and statistical results indicated the new TTLS can be used as a useful tool for quantitative detection of DON with wide dynamic range.