Objective: Although prostate calcification is often identified on pelvic CT images, calcification itself is usually not considered clinically significant. A recent histological study proposed an association between prostate calcification and prostate cancer occurrence. Our aim was to determine the predictive value of prostate calcifications for future prostate cancer occurrence.
Methods: We retrospectively analysed male patients (≥50 years old) without prior prostate cancer history, who underwent unenhanced pelvic CT between April 2010 and March 2011, and followed-up until December 2021. Cox proportional hazards models were used to assess prostate cancer risk with prostate calcification (defined as a high-density area larger than 3 mm with CT attenuation values ≥ 130 HU), controlling for age, body mass index (BMI), hypertension and diabetes mellitus.
Results: A total of 636 male patients (mean age, 68 years ± 9 [standard deviation]) were evaluated. At the end of follow-up, prostate cancer had been more frequently diagnosed in patients with prostate calcification than those without prostate calcification (6.5% 2.6%). Multivariate analysis revealed that prostate calcification on CT was a significant predictor of future prostate cancer occurrence (hazard ratio [HR], 2.7; 95% CI: 1.20, 5.91; = 0.016). No statistical differences were observed in any other factors.
Conclusion: Prostate calcification may be a significant predictor of future prostate cancer occurrence, and may be used for risk stratification and to guide screening protocols.
Advances In Knowledge: Presence of prostate calcification on unenhanced CT scan was associated with increased incidence of prostate cancer occurrence on long term follow-up.
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| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10321267 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1259/bjr.20221110 | DOI Listing |
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