This aim of this editorial is to highlight progress made in brain barrier and brain fluid research in 2022. It covers studies on the blood-brain, blood-retina and blood-CSF barriers (choroid plexus and meninges), signaling within the neurovascular unit and elements of the brain fluid systems. It further discusses how brain barriers and brain fluid systems are impacted in CNS diseases, their role in disease progression and progress being made in treating such diseases.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12987-023-00429-0 | DOI Listing |
J Neurosurg Case Lessons
January 2025
Department of Neurological Surgery, Cooper University Health Care, Camden, New Jersey.
Background: External ventricular drains (EVDs) provide an invaluable diagnostic method for accessing cerebrospinal fluid and therapeutically treating elevated intracranial pressure. Although complications including hemorrhage and infection have been well documented, the formation of iatrogenic pseudoaneurysms following EVD placement has rarely been reported. The authors present a case of this exceedingly rare complication of iatrogenic pseudoaneurysm formation following EVD placement.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAnesth Analg
January 2025
School of Medicine, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
Background: Some studies suggest that balanced solutions may improve outcomes in critical care patients. However, in patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI) existing data indicate that normal saline may be preferred. We hypothesized that mortality in critically ill patients with and without TBI would differ with the use of balanced salt solutions versus normal saline.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFImportance: Early detection of brain amyloidosis (Aβ+) is pivotal for diagnosing Alzheimer's disease (AD) and optimizing patient management, especially in light of emerging treatments. While plasma biomarkers are promising, their combined diagnostic value through specific ratios remains underexplored.
Objective: To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of plasma pTau isoform (pTau181 and pTau217) to Aβ42 ratios in detecting Aβ+ status.
Postoperative delirium is the most common postsurgical complication in older adults and is associated with an increased risk of long-term cognitive decline and Alzheimer's disease (AD) and related dementias (ADRD). However, the neurological basis of this increased risk- whether postoperative delirium unmasks latent preoperative pathology or leads to AD-relevant pathology after perioperative brain injury-remains unclear. Recent advancements in neuroimaging techniques now enable the detection of subtle brain features or damage that may underlie clinical symptoms.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Cell Neurosci
January 2025
Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University, School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, United States.
Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) is a rare, fatal, rapidly progressive neurodegenerative disease resulting from an accumulation of misfolded prion proteins (PrP). CJD affects 1-2 new individuals per million each year, and the sporadic type accounts for 90% of those cases. Though the median age at onset and disease duration vary depending on the subtype of sporadic CJD (sCJD), the disease typically affects middle-aged to elderly individuals with a median survival of 4-6 months.
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