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Differentiating the neurobiological correlates for reading gains in children with reading difficulties with and without attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder using fMRI.
J Int Neuropsychol Soc
December 2024
Center for Neurodevelopmental and Imaging Research and Center for Neuropsychological and Psychological Assessment, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Objective: Reading difficulties (RD) frequently co-occur with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and children with both RD + ADHD often demonstrate greater challenges in reading and executive functions (EF) than those with RD-only.
Methods: This study examined the effect of a 4-week EF-based reading intervention on behavioral and neurobiological correlates of EF among 8-12 y.o.
Learning or Boredom? Task Adaptation Effects in Sentence Processing Experiments.
Open Mind (Camb)
December 2024
University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
Task adaptation, characterized by a progressive increase in speed throughout experimental trials, has been extensively observed across various paradigms. Yet, the underlying mechanisms driving this phenomenon remain unclear. According to the learning-based explanation, participants are implicitly learning, becoming more proficient over time.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEffect of Simple Myopic Astigmatism and Its Axis on Near Visual Performance for Thai Alphabet in Pseudophakic Eyes.
Clin Ophthalmol
December 2024
Department of Ophthalmology, Mettapracharak (Wat Rai Khing) Hospital, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand.
Background: Refractive target of low simple myopic astigmatism allows increased depth-of-focus and near visual performance in monofocal intraocular lens (IOL) implants. This study investigated the effect of astigmatism and its axis on distance and near visual acuity (VA), and near visual performance for the Thai alphabet using the Thai MNREAD chart.
Design: Investigational simulation.
Local rainfall is more likely than distant thunderstorms to affect movement behaviour in Northern Kenyan elephants.
PLoS One
December 2024
Department of Biology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.
Previous research indicates that African savanna elephants change their movements preceding or coincident with local rainfall and it has been suggested that they respond to thunder in remote storms-perhaps reading seismic cues. We therefore aimed to test if elephants in Northern Kenya adhere to distinct daytime movement states between the wet and dry periods, and whether their abrupt movement changes precede local wet periods in response to lightning strikes from a specific compass heading. In our study site, lightning to the North and East often preceded local rainfall and could possibly be used to anticipate local wet periods, but local rainfall appears a more likely trigger of behavioural change.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFValidation of a screening test based on symbols visual search to detect visuo-attentionnal reading difficulties.
Res Dev Disabil
December 2024
Lyon Neuroscience Research Center, INSERM U1028 CNRS UMR 5292, Université Claude Bernard Lyon1, Trajectoires Team, 85Bd Pinel, Bron Cedex 69676, France. Electronic address:
Objective: Visuo-attentional dyslexia has been associated with impaired simultaneous visual processing of multiple items made of separable features (i.e. symbols).
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