Twofold distal C-H functionalization was accomplished by difunctionalization of nonactivated alkenes to provide rapid access to multifunctionalized molecules. The multicomponent ruthenium-catalyzed remote 1,n-difunctionalization (n=6,7) of nonactivated alkenes with fluoroalkyl halides and heteroarenes in a modular manner is reported. The meta-C(sp )-H/C-6(sp )-H distal functionalization featured mild conditions, unique selectivity, and broad substrate scope with a domino process for twofold remote C(sp )-H/C(sp )-H activation of the sequential formation of three different carbon-centered radicals. A plausible mechanism was proposed based on detailed experimental and computational studies.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/anie.202301168 | DOI Listing |
Org Lett
January 2025
College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, 610068, People's Republic of China.
A novel Ru-catalyzed radical-triggered trifunctionalization of hexenenitriles is presented, employing a strategy of remote cyano group migration and -C(sp)-H functionalization. Through remote cyano migration, the alkenyl moiety undergoes difunctionalization to the formation of a benzylic radical intermediate. This intermediate facilitates -selective C-H bond addition relative to the C-Ru bond within the Ru(III) complex, ultimately enabling trifunctionalization.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFChem Sci
December 2024
College of Chemistry, Pingyuan Laboratory, Zhengzhou University 100 Science Avenue Zhengzhou 450001 Henan China
Herein, we demonstrate a practical dual ligand-enabled iron photocatalysis paradigm-converting all kinds of halogen-containing carboxylates (C X COO, X: F, Cl, Br) into C X radicals for the valuable chloro/fluoro-polyhaloalkylation of non-activated alkenes with easily available trichloroacetonitrile/Selectfluor as the electrophilic halogenation reagent. The modular assembly of the effective iron and C X COO-based light-harvesting species using the two ligands-OMe/CF-substituted bipyridine and acetonitrile/trichloroacetonitrile is evidenced by detailed mechanistic studies. The late-stage modification, low loading amount of iron (TON: 257) and feasible gram-scale synthesis show the utility of this protocol.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBiol Chem
September 2024
Microbial Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, 9142 Ruhr University Bochum, D-44801 Bochum, Germany.
Cytochrome P450 monooxygenases are recognized as versatile biocatalysts due to their broad reaction capabilities. One important reaction is the hydroxylation of non-activated C-H bonds. The subfamily CYP153A is known for terminal hydroxylation reactions, giving access to functionalized aliphatics.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Org Chem
September 2024
School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials and Devices of Anhui Province, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, P. R. China.
A three-component defluorinative haloalkylation of alkenes with trifluoromethyl compounds and TBAX (X = Cl, Br) via dual photoredox/copper catalysis is reported. The mild conditions are compatible with a wide array of activated trifluoromethyl aromatics bearing diverse substituents, and various nonactivated terminal and internal alkenes, enabling straightforward access to synthetically valuable γ-gem-difluoroalkyl halides with high efficiency. Mechanistic studies indicate that the [Cu] complexes not only serve as XAT catalysts but also facilitate the SET reduction of trifluoromethyl groups by photocatalysts.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Org Chem
September 2024
N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, 119991 Moscow, Leninsky prosp. 47, Russian Federation.
The ability of sodium hypophosphite to generate the phosphorus-centered radical, which can activate the carbon-halogen bond via the halogen atom transfer (XAT) is described. The hydroalkylation of nonactivated alkenes with methyl bromoacetate was performed using sodium hypophosphite as reducing agent under photocatalytic conditions. The key phosphorus centered radical is formed from the hypophosphite anion by hydrogen atom abstraction.
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