AI Article Synopsis
- The shift to net zero carbon emissions requires moving from fossil fuels to renewable energy, with biomass seen as a carbon-neutral source for energy and products.* -
- Thermochemical co-processing of biomass and sludge can enhance yields and product quality compared to processing each separately, leveraging their synergistic effects.* -
- The review covers advancements in biomass-sludge co-conversion technologies, their economic and environmental impacts, and the potential for commercialization and applications in a circular economy.*
Article Abstract
To achieve the main goal of net zero carbon emission, the shift from conventional fossil-based energy/products to renewable and low carbon-based energy/products is necessary. Biomass has been perceived as a carbon-neutral source from which energy and value-added products can be derived, while sludge is a slurry waste that inherently contains high amount of minerals and organic matters. Hence, thermochemical co-processing of biomass wastes and sludge could create positive synergistic effects, resulting in enhanced performance of the process (higher conversion or yield) and improved qualities or characteristics of the products as compared to that of mono-processing. This review presents the current progress and development for various thermochemical techniques of biomass-sludge co-conversion to energy and high-value products, and the potential applications of these products from circular economy's point of view. Also, these technologies are discussed from economic and environmental standpoints, and the outlook towards technology maturation and successful commercialization is laid out.
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| http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2023.129061 | DOI Listing |
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