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Pulse wave and vector flow Imaging for atherosclerotic disease progression in hypercholesterolemic swine. | LitMetric

AI Article Synopsis

  • Non-invasive monitoring of atherosclerosis is difficult, but Pulse Wave Imaging (PWI) can measure local arterial stiffness and blood flow dynamics without invasive procedures.
  • This study aimed to determine PWI's effectiveness in tracking changes in local stiffness and blood flow in hypercholesterolemic swine over nine months, particularly after inducing hemodynamic disturbance by carotid ligation.
  • Results showed that PWI could effectively monitor changes in wall shear stress and differentiate between two types of plaque progression, revealing distinct compliance changes based on the severity of the ligation.

Article Abstract

Non-invasive monitoring of atherosclerosis remains challenging. Pulse Wave Imaging (PWI) is a non-invasive technique to measure the local stiffness at diastolic and end-systolic pressures and quantify the hemodynamics. The objective of this study is twofold, namely (1) to investigate the capability of (adaptive) PWI to assess progressive change in local stiffness and homogeneity of the carotid in a high-cholesterol swine model and (2) to assess the ability of PWI to monitor the change in hemodynamics and a corresponding change in stiffness. Nine (n=9) hypercholesterolemic swine were included in this study and followed for up to 9 months. A ligation in the left carotid was used to cause a hemodynamic disturbance. The carotids with detectable hemodynamic disturbance showed a reduction in wall shear stress immediately after ligation (2.12 ± 0.49 to 0.98 ± 0.47 Pa for 40-90% ligation (Group B) and 1.82 ± 0.25 to 0.49 ± 0.46 Pa for >90% ligation (Group C)). Histology revealed subsequent lesion formation after 8-9 months, and the type of lesion formation was dependent on the type of the induced ligation, with more complex plaques observed in the carotids with a more significant ligation (C: >90%). The compliance progression appears differed for groups B and C, with an increase in compliance to 2.09 ± 2.90×10 m Pa for group C whereas the compliance of group B remained low at 8 months (0.95 ± 0.94×10 m Pa). In summary, PWI appeared capable of monitoring a change in wall shear stress and separating two distinct progression pathways resulting in distinct compliances.

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Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10113229PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-32358-1DOI Listing

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