Case Report: Corneal Inlay Removal after Myofibroblast Detection under in Vivo Confocal Microscopy.

Significance: Corneal inlays, one of the treatment options for presbyopia, are effective and safe, and various such devices have been developed. However, there have been cases of inlay removal due to complications or patient dissatisfaction.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to report a case of inlay removal due to corneal opacity after inlay implantation and the results of 5 years of follow-up.

Case Report: A 63-year-old man was referred to our hospital with visual disturbance and double vision in his left eye. Two years before presentation at our hospital, he had undergone bilateral laser in situ keratomileusis with corneal inlay implantation in the left eye at another clinic. Slit-lamp examinations showed paracentral corneal opacity. The patient was treated with tranilast eye drops for 18 months, with no progression of symptoms. However, 6 months after stopping the eye drop treatment, the opacity recurred, and vision acuity decreased, along with the formation of myofibroblasts around the inlay, as revealed by in vivo confocal microscopy. Consequently, the inlay was removed at the previous clinic. During the subsequent 5-year follow-up period, ophthalmic examination revealed reduced corneal opacity, although visual acuity did not change; moreover, no myofibroblast was found.

Conclusions: Corneal inlays can sometimes cause complications. In this case, the patient experienced corneal fibrosis and associated vision loss. In vivo confocal microscopy detected myofibroblasts that cause corneal stromal fibrosis; thus, the removal was decided to avoid fibrosis progression.