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Massively parallel Hong-Ou-Mandel interference based on independent soliton microcombs.
Sci Adv
January 2025
State Key Laboratory of Transient Optics and Photonics, Xi'an Institute of Optics and Precision Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an 710119, China.
Hong-Ou-Mandel (HOM) interference is the foundation of quantum optics to test the degree of indistinguishability of two incoming photons, playing a key role in quantum communication, sensing, and photonic quantum computing. Realizing high-visibility HOM interference with massively parallel optical channels is challenging due to the lack of available natural optical references for aligning independent arrayed laser pairs. Here, we demonstrate 50 parallel comb-teeth pairs of continuous-wave weak coherent photons HOM interference using two independently frequency post-aligned soliton microcombs (SMCs), achieving an average fringe visibility over 46%.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMulti-disciplinary research will be the key to stop, restore, and end MS.
Mult Scler
January 2025
Department of Neurology, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
The past 25 years have brought extraordinary advances in our understanding of MS pathogenesis and the subsequent development of effective therapies. Collaborative genetics efforts have uncovered the association of 236 common DNA variants with disease susceptibility and the first association with disease severity, paving the way to more effective therapies, particularly for progressive forms of the disease. In parallel, and in addition to established environmental disease triggers or modifiers, new collaborative work has revealed new associations with components of the gut microbiome.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSubmicroscopic copy number variants in Indian children with gene panel negative 46, XY Gonadal Dysgenesis: An exploratory study using comparative genomic hybridization.
Andrology
January 2025
Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.
Background: 46, XY disorders of sex development (DSD) are a group of highly heterogeneous conditions in which the molecular etiology remains unknown in a significant proportion of patients, even with massive parallel sequencing. Clinically significant copy number variants (CNVs) are identified in 20-30% of cases, particularly among those with gonadal dysgenesis (GD) and no molecular diagnosis.
Methods: Fourteen patients with 46, XY DSD due to GD in whom no pathogenic/likely pathogenic variants were found on next-generation sequencing using a targeted panel of 155 genes were screened for clinically significant CNVs using Affymetrix Comparative Genomic Hybridization (CGH).
A genome-wide atlas of human cell morphology.
Nat Methods
January 2025
Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.
A key challenge of the modern genomics era is developing empirical data-driven representations of gene function. Here we present the first unbiased morphology-based genome-wide perturbation atlas in human cells, containing three genome-wide genotype-phenotype maps comprising CRISPR-Cas9-based knockouts of >20,000 genes in >30 million cells. Our optical pooled cell profiling platform (PERISCOPE) combines a destainable high-dimensional phenotyping panel (based on Cell Painting) with optical sequencing of molecular barcodes and a scalable open-source analysis pipeline to facilitate massively parallel screening of pooled perturbation libraries.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA quantitative intracellular peptide binding assay reveals recognition determinants and context dependence of short linear motifs.
J Biol Chem
January 2025
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biotechnology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA. Electronic address:
Transient protein-protein interactions play key roles in controlling dynamic cellular responses. Many examples involve globular protein domains that bind to peptide sequences known as Short Linear Motifs (SLiMs), which are enriched in intrinsically disordered regions of proteins. Here we describe a novel functional assay for measuring SLiM binding, called Systematic Intracellular Motif Binding Analysis (SIMBA).
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