A 28-year-old patient is admitted in the emergency department for management of localized pain in the left hypochondrium and left flank that appeared 48 hours before his visit to the emergency room. At the same time, the patient describes the presence of fever, odynophagia and myalgia present for 8 days. The clinical examination highlights the presence of multiple upper cervical and submandibular bilateral and soft adenopathies of about 1.5 cm. There is also an abdominal defense at the level of the left hypochondrium and the left flank. The exploration will attest the presence of a primary EBV infection associated with a splenic rupture complicated by hemoperitoneum without hemodynamic repercussions. This clinical case illustrates the presence of a rare and potentially fatal complication following a very common disease, infectious mononucleosis.
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