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Aims: Battery electric vehicle (BEV) sales and use are rapidly expanding. Battery electric vehicles, along with their charging stations, are a potential source of electromagnetic interference (EMI) for patients with cardiac implantable electronic devices (CIEDs). The new 'high-power' charging stations have the potential to create strong electromagnetic fields and induce EMI in CIEDs, and their safety has not been evaluated.
Methods And Results: A total of 130 CIED patients performed 561 charges of four BEVs and a test vehicle (350 kW charge capacity) using high-power charging stations under continuous 6-lead electrocardiogram monitoring. The charging cable was placed directly over the CIED, and devices were programmed to maximize the chance of EMI detection. Cardiac implantable electronic devices were re-interrogated after patients charged all BEVs and the test vehicle for evidence of EMI. There were no incidences of EMI, specifically no over-sensing, pacing inhibition, inappropriate tachycardia detection, mode switching, or spontaneous reprogramming. The risk of EMI on a patient-based analysis is 0/130 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0%-2%], and the risk of EMI on a charge-based analysis is 0/561 (95% CI 0%-0.6%). The effective magnetic field along the charging cable was 38.65 µT and at the charging station was 77.9 µT.
Conclusions: The use of electric cars with high-power chargers by patients with cardiac devices appears to be safe with no evidence of clinically relevant EMI. Reasonable caution, by minimizing the time spent in close proximity with the charging cables, is still advised as the occurrence of very rare events cannot be excluded from our results.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/europace/euad042 | DOI Listing |
Sci Rep
December 2024
Department of Electrical Engineering, Gachsaran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Gachsaran, Iran.
Considering the widespread use of PHEVs in advanced societies and the issues ahead, researchers' thinking has focused more on this issue. The important issue is that the use of EVs is increasing due to the advantages, but the necessary infrastructure for their charging stations in the distribution networks does not exist. The high penetration level of EVs can create a potential risk for the existing distribution network; the fair charging of EVs has a special value.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCureus
November 2024
Internal Medicine, Montefiore New Rochelle Hospital, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New Rochelle, USA.
Background: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is rare during pregnancy and current data on the impact of AF during delivery is scarce. In this study, we aim to analyze the impact of AF in patients who underwent delivery via cesarean section (CS), natural spontaneous delivery (NSD), or instrumental delivery (ID).
Methods: This study analyzed discharge data from the National Inpatient Sample (NIS) from 2016 to 2020.
Environ Sci Technol
December 2024
Center for Excellence in Regional Atmospheric Environment and Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Science, Xiamen 361021, China.
For Cu-exchanged zeolite catalysts, Cu ions existing as Cu-2Z and [Cu(OH)]-Z (where Z represents a framework negative charge) are considered the active sites for the selective catalytic reduction of NO with NH (NH-SCR). Cu-2Z is more hydrothermally stable and sulfur poisoning-resistant than [Cu(OH)]-Z. In this work, Cu-CHA and Cu-LTA catalysts containing only Cu-2Z species were successfully synthesized by a novel impregnation (NIM) method, exhibiting remarkably enhanced hydrothermal stability and sulfur resistance compared with any reported Cu-exchanged zeolite catalysts.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFbioRxiv
December 2024
Artie McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA.
The self-assembly of intrinsically disordered proteins into biomolecular condensates shows a dependence on the primary sequence of the protein, leading to sequence-dependent phase separation. Methods to investigate this sequence-dependent phase separation rely on effective residue-level interaction potentials that quantify the propensity for the residues to remain in the dilute phase versus the dense phase. The most direct measure of these effective potentials are the distribution coefficients of the different amino acids between the two phases, but due to the lack of availability of these coefficients, proxies, most notably hydropathy, have been used.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEur Phys J C Part Fields
December 2024
A search is reported for charge-parity violation in decays, using data collected in proton-proton collisions at recorded by the CMS experiment in 2018. The analysis uses a dedicated data set that corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 41.6 , which consists of about 10 billion events containing a pair of b hadrons, nearly all of which decay to charm hadrons.
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