Background: In recent years, the mare's milk has been introduced as a rich source of nutrients with hypoallergic characteristics which is widely used for Iranian infants.
Objectives: The present study aimed to investigate the heavy metal concentration of mare's milk and its consumption risk assessment.
Methods: About 88 mare's milk was collected from Yazd, the centre of Iran, during the summer of 2020. The raw mare's milk was digested and analysed for mineral and heavy metal content (As, Ca, Cd, Co, Cu, Fe, Mg, Mn, Ni, P, Pb and Zn) by ICP-OES. To estimate the health hazard for consumers the Estimated Daily Intake (EDI), Hazard Quotient (HQ) and Hazard Index (HI) of heavy metals were determined.
Results: The Ca ranged from 260.52 to 201.43 mg/L, which was the highest mineral in mare's milk followed by P and Mg. By increasing the age, P and Ca content was increased. The obtained ranges of Cu, Co, Fe, Mn and Zn were 72.12-75.11, 1.12-9.3, 180.69-230.21, 31.24-47.13 and 1060-1200 μg/L, respectively. The Cd and Arsenic content of mares' 8-11 years of age had higher concentrations. The highest Pb content was reported in mares 4-7 years old (10 μg/L). Although, Pb, Cd and As content of the mare's milk was evaluated lower than the permissible limit. Also, the HQ value was As > Cd > Pb > Zn > Ni > Cu for infants, toddlers and adults. The HI of mare's milk was 0.16, 0.15 and 0.022 for infants, toddlers and adults, respectively.
Conclusions: Mare's milk could be an effective nutrition source for infants and children suffering from milk protein allergies.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10357269 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/vms3.1138 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Mare's and Cow's Milk Fortified with Flaxseed Oil Through Freeze-Drying Microencapsulation: Physicochemical and Nutritional Properties.
Foods
January 2025
Department of Dairy and Process Engineering, Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 31/33, 60-624 Poznań, Poland.
The microencapsulation via freeze drying of flaxseed oil in cow and mare milk was analyzed. The physicochemical and nutritional properties of the four obtained freeze-dried powder products were comparatively analyzed: microencapsulated and fortified with flaxseed oil cow milk (CMFO) and mare milk (MMFO), as well as pure cow milk (CM) and pure mare milk (MM). The moisture content, water activity, particle size distribution (PSD), loose and tapped bulk densities, flowability, color, and fatty acid profiles of the freeze-dried powders as well as the PSD of reconstituted emulsion droplets were investigated.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFImpact of container type on the microbiome of airag, a Mongolian fermented mare's milk.
Biosci Microbiota Food Health
October 2024
Division of Systems Bioengineering, Department of Bioresource and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan.
Airag, a fermented mare's milk in Mongolia, exhibits diverse flavors and microbiota due to distinct production processes and environments in nomadic households. Recently, there has been a shift from the traditional cow skin container, 'khokhuur', to a plastic container for airag production, potentially impacting the microbiota and quality. To address this notion, we aimed to elucidate the differences in the microbiota between airag samples from a plastic container and those from a khokhuur.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCharacterization of volatile compound profile in Mongolian traditional fermented mare's milk, as Airag.
Anim Sci J
January 2025
Department of Food Science and Human Wellness, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu, Hokkaido, Japan.
We aimed to evaluate the volatile compounds profile in traditional airag samples collected from two regions, including Bulgan and Uvurkhangai provinces, whereas famous airag-making areas in Mongolia. The volatile compounds of airag were investigated by the GC-MS method. A total of 95 kinds of volatile compounds were detected, and these were classified into 6 different classes: 14 acids, 14 alcohols, 16 aldehydes, 19 esters, 9 ketones, and 23 aliphatic hydrocarbons.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPeptidomic Analysis of Potential Bioactive Peptides in Mare Milk Under Different Heat Treatment Conditions.
Foods
November 2024
Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs-Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Agro-Products, Agricultural Product Quality and Safety Risk Assessment Laboratory, Institute of Quality Standards & Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi 830091, China.
Active peptides in mare milk have unique biological activities, but how the bioactive protein in mare's milk changes under the influence of temperature has not been fully studied. Therefore, in this study, the differential expression of bioactive peptides potentially present in horse milk under different heat treatment conditions was investigated for the first time using peptidomic and bioinformatic techniques. We collected a total of 15 samples.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCharacteristics of maternal antibodies transferred to foals raised through maternal equine rotavirus A vaccination.
Vet Microbiol
December 2024
Department of Veterinary Science, Maxwell H. Gluck Equine Research Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA. Electronic address:
Equine rotavirus A (ERVA) can cause foal diarrhoea and the most common ERVA genotypes are G3P[12] and G14P[12]. Since the introduction of a monovalent killed G3P[12] vaccine, infection in neonates has decreased. We aimed to determine the dynamics and longevity of maternally derived anti-G3P[12] neutralizing antibodies (NAbs) in foals and what, if any, cross-reactivity exists between maternally derived NAbs against G14P[12].
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWant AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!