AI Article Synopsis
- The study aimed to evaluate the occurrence of repeat concussions within the same year among athletes, identify predictors for these repeat injuries, and compare outcomes between athletes who suffered single versus repeat concussions.
- Conducted as a retrospective case-control study from data collected at a regional sports concussion center between November 2017 and October 2020, it included a total of 834 adolescent athletes with sports-related concussions (SRC).
- Results showed that 6.7% of athletes experienced a repeat concussion, with significant predictors including personal/family migraine history and family psychiatric disorders; athletes with repeat concussions reported greater initial symptom severity, while amnesia was more prevalent after the initial concussion.
Article Abstract
Objectives: 1) Evaluate the frequency of same-year, repeat concussions; (2) assess predictors of sustaining a repeat concussion; and (3) compare outcomes of athletes with repeat concussions with athletes with single concussion.
Design: A retrospective, case-control study.
Setting: Regional sports concussion center.
Patients: Adolescents sustaining a sport-related concussions (SRC) from November 2017 to October 2020.
Independent Variables: Participants were dichotomized into 2 groups: (1) athletes with a single concussion; and (2) athletes with repeat concussions.
Main Outcome Measures: Between group and within group analyses were completed to look for differences in demographics, personal and family history, concussion history, and recovery metrics between the 2 groups.
Results: Of 834 athletes with an SRC, 56 (6.7%) sustained a repeat concussion and 778 (93.3%) had a single concussion. Between group: Personal history of migraines (19.6% vs 9.5%, χ 2 = 5.795, P = 0.02), family history of migraines (37.5% vs 24.5%, χ 2 = 4.621, P = 0.03), and family history of psychiatric disorders (25% vs 13.1%, χ 2 = 6.224, P = 0.01) were significant predictors of sustaining a repeat concussion. Within group: Among those with a repeat concussion, initial symptom severity was greater (Z = -2.422; P = 0.02) during the repeat concussion and amnesia was more common (χ 2 = 4.775, P = 0.03) after the initial concussion.
Conclusions: In a single-center study of 834 athletes, 6.7% suffered a same-year, repeat concussion. Risk factors included personal/family migraine history and family psychiatric history. For athletes with repeat concussions, initial symptom score was higher after the second concussion, yet amnesia was more common after the initial concussion.
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| http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/JSM.0000000000001156 | DOI Listing |
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